CAR-T Cell Therapy and the Gut Microbiota

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) - T cell cancer therapy has yielded promising results in treating hematologic malignancies in clinical studies, and a growing number of CAR-T regimens are approved for clinical usage. While the therapy is considered of great potential in expanding the cancer immunothe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCancers Vol. 15; no. 3; p. 794
Main Authors Asokan, Sahana, Cullin, Nyssa, Stein-Thoeringer, Christoph K, Elinav, Eran
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 28.01.2023
MDPI
Subjects
Antigens
Antitumor activity
Cancer
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer therapies
Cell therapy
Chimeric antigen receptors
Clinical trials
Cytokines
Epidermal growth factor
FDA approval
Health aspects
Hematology
Immune response (cell-mediated)
Immune system
Intestinal microflora
Kinases
Leukemia
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Lymphoma
Malignancy
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Mortality
Neurotoxicity
Patients
Proteins
Review
Side effects
Solid tumors
T cell receptors
Tumors
Germany
United States > US
microbiota
therapeutics
cancer
CAR-T
microbiome
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Summary:Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) - T cell cancer therapy has yielded promising results in treating hematologic malignancies in clinical studies, and a growing number of CAR-T regimens are approved for clinical usage. While the therapy is considered of great potential in expanding the cancer immunotherapy arsenal, more than half of patients receiving CAR-T infusions do not respond, while others develop significant adverse effects, collectively indicating a need for optimization of CAR-T treatment to the individual. The microbiota is increasingly suggested as a major modulator of immunotherapy responsiveness. Studying causal microbiota roles possibly contributing to CAR-T therapy efficacy, adverse effects reduction, and prediction of patient responsiveness constitutes an exciting area of active research. Herein, we discuss the latest developments implicating human microbiota involvement in CAR-T therapy, while highlighting challenges and promises in harnessing the microbiota as a predictor and modifier of CAR-T treatment towards optimized efficacy and minimization of treatment-related adverse effects.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers15030794