Detection, sequence analysis, and antibody prevalence of porcine deltacoronavirus in Taiwan

• Published in: Archives of virology Vol. 163; no. 11; pp. 3113 - 3117
• Main Authors: Hsu, Tien-Huan, Liu, Hao-Ping, Chin, Chieh-Yu, Wang, Chinling, Zhu, Wan-Zhen, Wu, Bing-Lin, Chang, Yu-Chung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Austria Springer Nature B.V 01.11.2018; Springer Vienna
• Subjects: Animals; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Brief Report; China; Cloning; Coronaviridae; Coronavirus - classification; Coronavirus - genetics; Coronavirus - immunology; Coronavirus - isolation & purification; Coronavirus Infections - blood; Coronavirus Infections - veterinary; Coronavirus Infections - virology; Coronaviruses; Deltacoronavirus; Diarrhea; Diarrhea - blood; Diarrhea - veterinary; Diarrhea - virology; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Farms; Female; Gastroenteritis; genes; Hogs; Male; mixed infection; molecular cloning; nucleocapsid; nucleocapsid proteins; Nucleocapsids; nucleotide sequences; Phylogeny; piglets; Polymerase chain reaction; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; Rectum; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; Reverse transcription; Sequence analysis; Sequence Analysis, DNA; seroprevalence; South Korea; Swine; Swine Diseases - blood; Swine Diseases - virology; Taiwan; Thailand; Transmissible gastroenteritis; Transmissible gastroenteritis virus; United States; Taiwan; South Korea; Thailand; United States; China
• ISSN: 0304-8608; 1432-8798; 1432-8798
• DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3964-x

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) was initially documented in Hong Kong and later in the United States, South Korea, and Thailand. To investigate if PDCoV is also present in Taiwan, three swine coronaviruses-PDCoV, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV)-were tested using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) in 172 rectal swab samples from piglets exhibiting diarrhea between January 2016 and May 2017 on 68 pig farms in Taiwan. The rRT-PCR results were positive for PDCoV (29/172, 16.9%), PEDV (36/172, 20.9%), TGEV (2/172, 1.2%), and coinfections (16/172, 9.3%). After cloning and sequencing, PDCoV nucleocapsid genes were analyzed. Phylogeny results indicated that the nucleotide sequences of all isolates were like those reported in other countries. To further trace PDCoV in the period of 2011 to 2015, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect antibodies against PDCoV. The results showed that 279 of 1,039 (26.9%) sera were positive for the PDCoV nucleocapsid protein, implying that PDCoV might have existed in Taiwan before 2011.