Nitric Oxide Donor Improves Healing if Applied on Inflammatory and Proliferative Phase

• Published in: The Journal of surgical research Vol. 149; no. 1; pp. 84 - 93
• Main Authors: Amadeu, Thaís P., Seabra, Amedea. B., de Oliveira, Marcelo G., Monte-Alto-Costa, Andréa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.09.2008; Elsevier
• Subjects: Administration, Topical; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Disease Models, Animal; General aspects; Hydrogels; Male; Medical sciences; Nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors - administration & dosage; Nitric Oxide Donors - pharmacology; Pluronic F127 hydrogel; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Re-epithelialization; S-nitrosoglutathione; S-Nitrosoglutathione - administration & dosage; S-Nitrosoglutathione - pharmacology; Skin; Skin - drug effects; Skin - injuries; Skin - physiopathology; Surgery; Wound healing; Wound Healing - drug effects; Wound Healing - physiology; Wounds and Injuries - drug therapy; Wounds and Injuries - pathology; Skin; Wound healing; Re-epithelialization; S-nitrosoglutathione; Pluronic F127 hydrogel; Nitric oxide; Human; Cell proliferation; Phase; Vehicle(excipient); Inflammation; Laxative; Wound; Medicine; Improvement; Treatment; Donor; Healing agent; Surgery; Poloxamer; Hydrogel; Cicatrization; Re- epithelialization
• ISSN: 0022-4804; 1095-8673; 1095-8673
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2007.10.015

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important molecule synthesized during wound repair. Studies have reported the use of NO donors on cutaneous wound repair, but their effects in different phases of healing are still not elucidated. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of topical application of a NO donor (S-nitrosoglutathione, GSNO)-containing hydrogel on excisional wounds in the inflammatory ( inf), proliferative ( prol), and inflammatory and proliferative phases ( inf+prol) of rat cutaneous wound repair. In each group (control, GSNO inf, GSNO prol, and GSNO inf+prol), excisional wounds on the dorsal surface were made and wound contraction and re-epithelialization were evaluated. Fourteen days after wounding, wounds and adjacent skin were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Collagen fibers organization, mast cells, myofibroblasts and vessels were evaluated. Wound contraction of the GSNO inf+prol group was faster than control, GSNO inf, and GSNO prol groups, 5 and 7 d after wounding. Topical application of GSNO accelerated re-epithelialization 14 d after wounding, mainly in GSNO inf+prol group. In addition, the GSNO inf+prol group showed improved collagen fibers maturation and tissue organization, and lower amount of inflammatory cells in the superficial and deep areas of the granulation tissue, compared with the other groups. NO is important in all phases of rat cutaneous wound repair, but if applied on inflammatory and proliferative phases, the improvement in wound healing (accelerating wound closure, wound re-epithelialization, and granulation tissue organization) is more impressive.