A rapid and transient peripheral inflammatory response precedes brain inflammation after experimental stroke

• Published in: Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism Vol. 29; no. 11; pp. 1764 - 1768
• Main Authors: Chapman, Katie Z, Dale, Verity Q, Dénes, Ádám, Bennett, Gavin, Rothwell, Nancy J, Allan, Stuart M, McColl, Barry W
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01.11.2009; Nature Publishing Group; Sage Publications Ltd
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis - etiology; Encephalitis - immunology; Encephalitis - metabolism; Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy; Interleukin-6 - biosynthesis; Interleukin-6 - blood; Interleukin-8 - biosynthesis; Interleukin-8 - blood; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes); Neurology; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Stroke - complications; Stroke - immunology; Stroke - metabolism; Time Factors; Up-Regulation; Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system; MCAo; peripheral inflammation; chemokine; stroke; CXCL-1; interleukin-6; Transient response; Stroke; Nervous system diseases; Cardiovascular disease; Inflammation; Cerebral disorder; Encephalon; Vascular disease; Interleukin 6; Central nervous system disease; Cerebrovascular disease
• ISSN: 0271-678X; 1559-7016
• DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2009.113

Increasing evidence suggests that peripheral inflammatory responses to stroke and other brain injuries have an important role in determining neurological outcome. The mediators of this response and the temporal relationships between peripheral and central inflammatory alterations are poorly understood. In this study, we show that experimental stroke in mice induces a peripheral inflammatory response that peaks 4 h after stroke, and precedes the peak in brain inflammation 24 h after stroke. This peripheral response is dominated by the induction of the chemokine CXCL-1 and the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and could serve as an accessible target for therapy and as a source of biomarkers predictive of prognosis.