Encapsulation of Folic Acid and α -Tocopherol in Lysozyme Particles and Their Bioaccessibility in the Presence of DNA

• Published in: Antioxidants Vol. 12; no. 3; p. 564
• Main Authors: Ma, Lingling, Gao, Tiecheng, Cheng, Hao, Li, Ning, Huang, Weining, Liang, Li
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 24.02.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Antioxidants; bioaccessibility; Bioavailability; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA coating; Efficiency; Encapsulation; Ethanol; Folic acid; Lysozyme; Proteins; Silicon wafers; Size distribution; Statistical analysis; Vitamin B; Vitamin E; Zeta potential; α-tocopherol; China; encapsulation; lysozyme; folic acid; bioaccessibility; DNA coating; α-tocopherol
• ISSN: 2076-3921; 2076-3921
• DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030564

Protein particles have been reported as the potential carriers for the co-encapsulation of bioactive components. In this study, lysozyme, a basic protein, was used to simultaneously encapsulate folic acid and -tocopherol at pH 4.0. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of folic acid or -tocopherol increased with its respective concentration. Folic acid had no influence on the encapsulation of -tocopherol. However, the encapsulation of folic acid was improved by -tocopherol below 40 μg/mL but reduced by -tocopherol at higher concentrations. The encapsulation by lysozyme shielded folic acid, -tocopherol, or both partially from the attack of 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation. No masking effect of lysozyme encapsulation on -tocopherol was found in DPPH antioxidant activity assay. Furthermore, the DNA coating was used to improve the dispersion of lysozyme with folic acid and -tocopherol. The lysozyme/DNA particles with folic acid and -tocopherol showed a homogenous size distribution of 180-220 nm with ζ-potential values between -33 and -36 mV. The release and bioaccessibility of folic acid in lysozyme/DNA with -tocopherol were similar to that of folic acid alone, while the release of -tocopherol was delayed and its bioaccessibility was improved by encapsulation in lysozyme/DNA with folic acid. The data gathered here would provide guidance for the use of lysozyme-based co-encapsulating carriers in the development of functional foods.