A Mosaic Nanoparticle Vaccine Elicits Potent Mucosal Immune Response with Significant Cross‐Protection Activity against Multiple SARS‐CoV‐2 Sublineages

• Published in: Advanced science Vol. 10; no. 27; pp. e2301034 - n/a
• Main Authors: Zhang, Xiantao, Wu, Shijian, Liu, Jie, Chen, Ran, Zhang, Yongli, Lin, Yingtong, Xi, Zhihui, Deng, Jieyi, Pu, Zeyu, Liang, Chaofeng, Feng, Jinzhu, Li, Rong, Lin, Keming, Zhou, Mo, Liu, Yingying, Zhang, Xu, Liu, Bingfeng, Zhang, Yiwen, He, Xin, Zhang, Hui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.09.2023; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Antibodies; Antigens; broad neutralizing antibody; COVID-19 - prevention & control; Disease transmission; Humans; Immunity, Mucosal; Infections; Ions; mosaic nanoparticle vaccine; mucosal immune responses; Nanoparticles; Pandemics; Proteins; SARS-CoV-2; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; universal vaccines; Vaccines; Viruses; mucosal immune responses; SARS-CoV-2; mosaic nanoparticle vaccine; broad neutralizing antibody; universal vaccines
• ISSN: 2198-3844; 2198-3844
• DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301034

Because of the rapid mutation and high airborne transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2, a universal vaccine preventing the infection in the upper respiratory tract is particularly urgent. Here, a mosaic receptor‐binding domain (RBD) nanoparticle (NP) vaccine is developed, which induces more RBD‐targeted type IV neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and exhibits broad cross‐protective activity against multiple SARS‐CoV‐2 sublineages including the newly‐emerged BF.7, BQ.1, XBB. As several T‐cell‐reactive epitopes, which are highly conserved in sarbecoviruses, are displayed on the NP surface, it also provokes potent and cross‐reactive cellular immune responses in the respiratory tissue. Through intranasal delivery, it elicits robust mucosal immune responses and full protection without any adjuvants. Therefore, this intranasal mosaic NP vaccine can be further developed as a pan‐sarbecovirus vaccine to block the viral entrance from the upper respiratory tract.