Mining of Potential Gene Resources for Breeding Nutritionally Improved Maize

Maize is one of the leading food crops and its kernel is rich in starch, lipids, protein and other energy substances. In addition, maize kernels also contain many trace elements that are potentially beneficial to human health, such as vitamins, minerals and other secondary metabolites. However, gene...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inPlants (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 5; p. 627
Main Authors Hou, Quancan, Zhang, Tianye, Sun, Kangtai, Yan, Tingwei, Wang, Linlin, Lu, Lu, Zhao, Wei, Qi, Yuchen, Long, Yan, Wei, Xun, Wan, Xiangyuan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 25.02.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Agricultural production
Amino acids
Anthocyanins
biological engineering
Biosynthesis
Chromosomes
Corn
Dehydrogenases
Ectopic expression
Endoplasmic reticulum
Enzymes
Fatty acids
Flowers & plants
Gene expression
Gene mapping
Genes
Genetic engineering
Genetic resources
Genomes
Glucose
Glycerol
homologous gene
Kernels
Kinases
Lipids
maize
Metabolites
Minerals
Nutrient content
nutrient improvement
Nutrients
Pattern analysis
Plant species
Proteins
Review
Rice
Secondary metabolites
Starch
Trace elements
Trace elements (nutrients)
Transcription factors
Vitamins
biological engineering
homologous gene
nutrient improvement
maize
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Summary:Maize is one of the leading food crops and its kernel is rich in starch, lipids, protein and other energy substances. In addition, maize kernels also contain many trace elements that are potentially beneficial to human health, such as vitamins, minerals and other secondary metabolites. However, gene resources that could be applied for nutrient improvement are limited in maize. In this review, we summarized 107 genes that are associated with nutrient content from different plant species and identified 246 orthologs from the maize genome. In addition, we constructed physical maps and performed a detailed expression pattern analysis for the 246 maize potential gene resources. Combining expression profiles and their potential roles in maize nutrient improvement, genetic engineering by editing or ectopic expression of these genes in maize are expected to improve resistant starch, oil, essential amino acids, vitamins, iron, zinc and anthocyanin levels of maize grains. Thus, this review provides valuable gene resources for maize nutrient improvement.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants11050627