Compatibility and Efficacy of Isaria fumosorosea with Horticultural Oils for Mitigation of the Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)

• Published in: Insects (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 8; no. 4; p. 119
• Main Authors: Kumar, Vivek, Avery, Pasco B, Ahmed, Juthi, Cave, Ronald D, McKenzie, Cindy L, Osborne, Lance S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 31.10.2017; MDPI
• Subjects: adjuvants; Agricultural management; Arthropods; Bioassays; Biological control; Biological effects; Cadavers; Citrus fruits; citrus pest; Crude oil; Diaphorina citri; Entomopathogenic fungi; fungal development index; Fungi; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouses; Hemiptera; Horticultural crops; Horticulture; Incompatibility; Inoculation; Isaria fumosorosea; Liviidae; Management; mineral oil; Mitigation; Oils & fats; Pests; Petroleum; Survival; System effectiveness; Vegetable oils; Vegetables; fungal development index; mineral oil; citrus pest; entomopathogenic fungi; adjuvants
• ISSN: 2075-4450; 2075-4450
• DOI: 10.3390/insects8040119

Horticultural oils are an important component of integrated management programs of several phytophagous arthropods and pathogens affecting fruit, ornamentals and vegetables in greenhouse and field production systems. Although effective against the target pest, their incompatibility with biological control agents can compromise efforts to develop eco-friendly management programs for important agricultural pests. In this study, we assessed the in vitro effect of selected refined petroleum oils used in citrus and other horticultural crops with a biopesticide containing the entomopathogenic fungi, (PFR-97) under laboratory conditions. Further, we used leaf disk bioassays to evaluate the combined efficacy of petroleum oils and against the Asian citrus psyllid, (Hemiptera: Liviidae), a major pest of citrus in the United States. All five petroleum oil treatments (Orchex, Sun Pure, Conoco Blend -1, Conoco Blend -2, and JMS) were compatible with blastospores, as none of them were found to affect colony-forming units and radial fungal growth measured at 3, 6, 9, and 12 days post-inoculation. All mixed treatments performed better than alone against , where the highest mean survival time of was 12.5 ± 0.7 days. No significant differences in survival time and growth (fungal development index) on dead cadavers, which is important for determining their horizontal transmission, were observed when mixed with Orchex, Sun Pure, Conoco Blend -2, and JMS. Results indicated that horticultural oils in combination with could offer citrus growers an alternative treatment for integrating into their current management programs while battling against in citrus production systems. Due to their eco-friendly, broad-spectrum effect, it could provide control against various citrus pests, while also encouraging the retention of effective chemistries for a longer period in the marketplace. However promising, these combination treatments need to be tested further with under grove conditions to confirm their field efficacy.