Comparison of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compound Profiles and Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibition Properties of Cultivated Soybean ( Glycine max ) and Wild Soybean ( Glycine soja )

• Published in: Plants (Basel) Vol. 10; no. 4; p. 813
• Main Authors: Chen, Qianru, Wang, Xianxian, Yuan, Xiaolong, Shi, John, Zhang, Chengsheng, Yan, Ning, Jing, Changliang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 20.04.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Acids; Aldehydes; antioxidant activities; Antioxidants; Biosynthesis; Chromatography; cultivated soybean (Glycine max); Endothelial cells; Ethanol; Flavones; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Food; Food processing; Glucosidase; Glycine max; Glycine soja; Hydrogen peroxide; Information processing; Injury analysis; Isoflavones; Isoflavonoids; Legumes; Metabolic pathways; Metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolomics; Phenolic acids; phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phenylpropanoids; Phytochemicals; Polyphenols; Resveratrol; Secondary metabolites; Seeds; Soybeans; Traditional foods; wild soybean (Glycine soja); α-Glucosidase; United States > US; China; Germany; phenolic compounds; antioxidant activities; cultivated soybean (Glycine max); metabolomics; wild soybean (Glycine soja)
• ISSN: 2223-7747; 2223-7747
• DOI: 10.3390/plants10040813

Wild soybean ( Sieb.et WS) has been used as a traditional food in China for many years and contains significantly higher levels of isoflavones than cultivated soybean ( ; CS), but the secondary metabolites, including flavonoids and the phenolic composition differences between them, remain unclear. The results showed that WS possessed significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid content and exhibited better antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities as well as excellent protective effects against H O -induced oxidative injury in a human endothelial cell line. Through metabolomic analysis, 642 metabolites were identified, and 238 showed differential expression, with 151 upregulated and 87 downregulated. A total of 79 flavonoid compounds were identified, 42 of which were upregulated in WS. 2'-Hydroxygenistein, garbanzol, protocatechuic aldehyde, ligustilide, and resveratrol were the most discriminated compounds in WS. The metabolic pathway analysis of differential metabolites related to the biosynthesis of flavonoids and phenolic acids were the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, flavones, and flavonols. This study substantially elucidated differences in the content of flavonoids and biological activities between WS and CS, which is useful information for the effective utilization of these two black soybean species in food processing.