Oxidative Damage and Nrf2 Translocation Induced by Toxicities of Deoxynivalenol on the Placental and Embryo on Gestation Day 12.5 d and 18.5 d

• Published in: Toxins Vol. 10; no. 9; p. 370
• Main Authors: Yu, Miao, Wei, Zhi-Yuan, Xu, Zhou-Heng, Pan, Jia-Qi, Chen, Jian-Huan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 13.09.2018; MDPI
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Cytoplasm; Damage assessment; Deoxynivalenol; deoxynivalenol (DON); Diabetes; Embryo, Mammalian - drug effects; Embryo, Mammalian - metabolism; Embryos; embryotoxicity; Female; Fetuses; Gene expression; Gestation; Glutathione; Glutathione - metabolism; Heme; Heme oxygenase (decyclizing); Heme Oxygenase-1 - metabolism; Lipid peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Malondialdehyde - metabolism; Membrane Proteins - metabolism; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Molecular modelling; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism; Nrf2 translocation; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Oxygenase; Placenta; Placenta - drug effects; Placenta - metabolism; Pollutants; Preeclampsia; Pregnancy; Structural damage; Structure-function relationships; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Toxicity; Translocation; Trichothecenes; Trichothecenes - toxicity; China; embryotoxicity; placenta; Nrf2 translocation; deoxynivalenol (DON)
• ISSN: 2072-6651; 2072-6651
• DOI: 10.3390/toxins10090370

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a kind of natural pollutant belonging to the trichothecenes family. The aim of this study is to use diverse assays to evaluate oxidative damage as well as translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and to investigate their mechanisms in DON-induced toxicities on a placenta and embryo. Pregnant C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to three groups with different doses of DON: 0, 1.0, 2.5 mg/(kg·day). In gestation day (GD) 12.5 d and 18.5 d, DON induced an elevated resorption rate of the embryos as well as structural and functional damage of the placenta. In the placenta, altered levels of the antioxidant enzymes malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione indicated remarkable oxidative stress. Furthermore, an elevated level of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the translocation of Nrf2 from nucleus to cytoplasm indicated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation in DON-L group (1.0 mg/(kg·day)). It is noteworthy that the results in this experiment in GD 12.5 d were similar to those in GD 18.5 d. In conclusion, DON-induced placental oxidative damage and Nrf2 translocation were similar in GD 12.5 d and GD 18.5 d. Oxidative stress is one of the most important molecular mechanisms for embryotoxicity induced by DON, and Nrf2 translocation may play a substantial role against it.