Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) MicroRNAs: Involvement in Cancer Pathogenesis and Immunopathology

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which infects over 90% of adults, appears to have evolved to exploit the normal biology of B-cell development in order to persist as a life-long asymptomatic infection. However, EBV can contribute to oncogenesis. It has become evident that alterations in the expression...

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Published inInternational Reviews of Immunology Vol. 32; no. 3; pp. 271 - 281
Main Authors Lopes, Leandra Fiori, Ruiz Miyazawa, Kenji William, de Almeida, Elaine Regina Delicato, Serafim, Karla Guivernau Gaudens, de Almeida Gualtieri, Karina, Costa, Ivete Conchon, Felipe, Ionice, Pavanelli, Wander Rogerio, Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Informa Healthcare 01.06.2013
Taylor & Francis
Subjects
3' Untranslated Regions
B-Lymphocytes - immunology
cancer
Cell Transformation, Viral
EBV
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections - genetics
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections - immunology
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic - immunology
Gene Silencing
Herpesvirus 4, Human - immunology
Humans
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - immunology
miRNA
Neoplasms - immunology
Neoplasms - virology
RNA, Viral - genetics
RNA, Viral - immunology
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Summary:The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which infects over 90% of adults, appears to have evolved to exploit the normal biology of B-cell development in order to persist as a life-long asymptomatic infection. However, EBV can contribute to oncogenesis. It has become evident that alterations in the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) from the host cell and EBV can also contribute to cancer pathogenesis. MicroRNAs function by inhibiting translation of select groups of mRNA transcripts containing imperfect annealing sequences in their 3′ untranslated regions (3′ UTRs) and less frequently through other regions of the transcript. A number of studies have demonstrated that profiles of miRNA expression could establish phenotypic signatures of different cancer types where viruses have been evolved with highly sophisticated gene silencing machinery to disturb the host-immune response. Based on current review, it is possible that a specific virus miRNA may be involved in cancer pathogenesis.
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ISSN:0883-0185
1937-4364
1563-5244
DOI:10.3109/08830185.2012.748053