Human exposure to indoor residential cyfluthrin residues during a structured activity program

• Published in: Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology Vol. 13; no. 2; pp. 112 - 119
• Main Authors: Williams, Ryan L, Bernard, Craig E, Krieger, Robert I
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.03.2003; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: Air Pollution, Indoor; Biomarkers; Biomonitoring; Cotton; Dosage; Dosimeters; Dosimetry; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiology; Excretion; Floors and Floorcoverings; Half-Life; Humans; Insecticides; Insecticides - analysis; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Nitriles; original-article; Pesticide Residues - analysis; Phenoxybenzoic acid; Pyrethrins - analysis; Residues; Risk Assessment; Risk management; cyfluthrin; exposure assessment; biomonitoring; 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (FPBA); pesticide
• ISSN: 1559-0631; 1053-4245; 1559-064X
• DOI: 10.1038/sj.jea.7500257

Estimations of absorbed daily dosage (ADD) of chemicals following contact with treated surfaces may be required for risk assessment and risk management. Measurements of ADD based upon biomonitoring are a more reliable data than estimates of ADD from environmental measurements since they require fewer default assumptions. Study participants performed a structured activity program (SAP) 24-h after an application of Tempo ® 20 WP (cyfluthrin; 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid cyano(4-fluoro-3-phenoxy-phenyl)-methyl ester) on a medium pile, plush nylon carpet. Measurements of total cyfluthrin residue and transferable cyfluthrin residue (cotton cloth and CDFA roller; personal sock and short dosimetry) were made at 3, 7, 12, 23, 47.5, and 407.5 h. Total cyfluthrin residue extracted from (Soxhlet extraction) carpet was 11.1±2.7  μ g/cm 2 1 h prior to the SAP. Transferable cyfluthrin residue obtained through analysis of cotton cloths rolled with a weighted 30-pound cylinder was 0.11  μ g/cm 2 . Cyfluthrin residues from socks and shorts were 0.74±0.23 and 0.15±0.03  μ g/cm 2 , respectively. Urine was collected at 12-h intervals during a 72-h period following the SAP and was analyzed for the cyfluthrin biomarker, 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (FPBA). The mean cyfluthrin equivalents excreted were 8.4±5.7  μ g/person (yielding an absorbed dosage of 0.10  μ g/kg; n =7). The elimination half-life was 16±5 h. All predicted ADDs based upon environmental measurements overestimated the ADDs measured by urinary excretion.