Experimentally observed imitation and cooperation in price competition on the circle

• Published in: Games and economic behavior Vol. 51; no. 1; pp. 171 - 192
• Main Authors: Selten, Reinhard, Apesteguia, Jose
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Duluth Elsevier Inc 01.04.2005; Elsevier; Academic Press
• Series: Games and Economic Behavior
• Subjects: Competition; Consumer behavior; Consumers; Cooperation; Economic models; Equilibrium; Experiments; Game theory; Human behaviour; Imitation; Location; Location of enterprises; Market planning; Market size; Market structure; Mathematical models; Microeconomics; Oligopoly; Price competition; Prices; Profit maximization; Profits; Studies; Willingness to pay; R32; Market size; Price competition; Cooperation; Imitation; C92; Experiments; C72; L13; Location
• ISSN: 0899-8256; 1090-2473
• DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2004.03.005

This paper reports an experiment on a location game, the so-called “Price competition on the circle.” There are n symmetric firms equidistantly located on a circle. Consumers are uniformly distributed. Each consumer buys one unit from that firm whose price, including the cost of transportation, is the lowest, provided such a price is below a maximum willingness to pay. Experiments, extended over 200 periods, were run with 3, 4, and 5 participants. Subjects did not receive any information about the relationship between prices and profits, but they received feedback on prices and profits of two neighbors after each period. The evaluation compares predictions derived from imitation equilibrium and Cournot equilibrium, as well as symmetric joint-profit maximization. The results show that behavior is influenced by imitative tendencies and attempts to cooperate.