Influence of rifaximin treatment on the susceptibility of intestinal Gram-negative flora and enterococci

• Published in: Clinical microbiology and infection Vol. 10; no. 11; pp. 1009 - 1011
• Main Authors: DuPont, H.L., Jiang, Z.-D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2004; Blackwell Science Ltd; Blackwell
• Subjects: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use; Antibacterial agents; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents; Biological and medical sciences; Coliforms; Diarrhea - drug therapy; Diarrhea - microbiology; enterococci; Enterococcus; Enterococcus - drug effects; Gram-Negative Bacteria - drug effects; Humans; Infectious diseases; Intestines - microbiology; Medical sciences; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; resistance; rifampicin; Rifampin - administration & dosage; Rifampin - pharmacology; Rifampin - therapeutic use; Rifamycins - administration & dosage; Rifamycins - pharmacology; Rifamycins - therapeutic use; rifaximin; Travel; rifampicin; Coliforms; rifaximin; resistance; enterococci; Enterococcus; Gut; Microflora; Infection; Resistance; Streptococcaceae; Antibiotic; Rifampicin; Treatment; Bacteria; Micrococcales; Antituberculous agent; Rifaximin; Antibacterial agent; Gram negative bacteria
• ISSN: 1198-743X; 1469-0691
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2004.00997.x

The development of rifaximin- and rifampicin-resistant intestinal coliforms was studied in 27 subjects receiving rifaximin for 3 days by plating stool samples on media containing rifaximin 200 mg/L or rifampicin 64 mg/L before treatment (day 0), after treatment was completed (day 3), and after a further 2 days (day 5). The susceptibility of enterococci grown on day 0 and day 3 was also studied in 71 subjects. Significant increases in antimicrobial-resistant coliform flora were not seen in either the rifaximin-treated or the placebotreated subjects. Enterococci recovered pre- and post-treatment showed similar susceptibilities. Rifaximin did not select for significant resistance in the Gram-negative and Gram-positive intestinal flora during therapy.