From Bakke to Fisher: African American Students in U.S. Higher Education over Forty Years

• Published in: RSF : Russell Sage Foundation journal of the social sciences Vol. 4; no. 6; pp. 41 - 72
• Main Authors: Allen, Walter R, Mclewis, Channel, Jones, Chantal, Harris, Daniel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Russell Sage Foundation 01.09.2018
• Subjects: affirmative action; African American education; African American studies; African Americans; Black college students; Black colleges; Black communities; college access; College graduates; College students; Critical race theory; Educational systems; Graduate students; Higher education; Historically Black Colleges & Universities; Institutions; Oppression; Part I. The Kerner Commission in Context; Precedents; Race; Racism; School enrollment; State colleges; Universities; Violence; United States > US
• ISSN: 2377-8253; 2377-8261
• DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2018.4.6.03

We consider how antiblack legal precedents constrain African American access and success in higher education. We employ critical race theory to assess status and trends for African American college, graduate, and professional students. Our forty-year analysis traces national patterns of African American student enrollment and degree completion at public, four-year institutions. Using the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, we find that higher education remains a site of intense racial struggle for African American students. Across institutions we see various trends: the number of African American students at flagships has declined, more students enroll and complete degrees at black-serving institutions, and historically black colleges and universities are more racially diverse.