A Syndromic Neurodevelopmental Disorder Caused by De Novo Variants in EBF3

• Published in: American journal of human genetics Vol. 100; no. 1; pp. 128 - 137
• Main Authors: Davids, Mariska, Pappas, John G., Rosenfeld, Jill A., McCarty, Alexandra J., Tifft, Cynthia, Stong, Nicholas, Johnson, Travis K., Warr, Coral G., Adams, Christopher J., Alejandro, Mercedes E., Ashley, Euan A., Barseghyan, Hayk, Beggs, Alan H., Bernstein, Jonathan A., Briere, Lauren C., Brush, Matthew, Cogan, Joy D., Craigen, William J., Dayal, Jyoti G., Dhar, Shweta U., Dipple, Katrina M., Donnell-Fink, Laurel A., Dorrani, Naghmeh, Eckstein, David J., Emrick, Lisa T., Eng, Christine M., Esteves, Cecilia, Fisher, Paul G., Frisby, Trevor S., Frost, Kate, Gahl, William A., Gartner, Valerie, Golas, Gretchen A., Gould, Sarah E., Graham, Brett H., Groden, Catherine A., Gropman, Andrea L., Haendel, Melissa, Hanchard, Neil A., Herzog, Matthew R., Jacob, Howard J., Jain, Mahim, Jiang, Yong-hui, Jones, Angela L., Koehler, Alanna E., Kohane, Isaac S., Krasnewich, Donna M., Krieg, Elizabeth L., Lau, C. Christopher, Lazar, Jozef, Lee, Brendan H., Levy, Denise J., Liebendorder, Adam P., Lincoln, Sharyn A., Loomis, Carson R., Loscalzo, Joseph, Macnamara, Ellen F., MacRae, Calum A., Malicdan, May Christine V., Mamounas, Laura A., Markello, Thomas C., Mazur, Paul, McCray, Alexa T., Metz, Thomas O., Moretti, Paolo M., Murphy, Jennifer L., Muzny, Donna M., Nehrebecky, Michele E., Pallais, J. Carl, Palmer, Christina G.S., Pena, Loren D.M., Phillips, John A., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Pusey, Barbara N., Schoch, Kelly, Scott, Daryl A., Sharma, Prashant, Soldatos, Ariane G., Splinter, Kimberly, Strong, Kimberly A., Sullivan, Jennifer A., Sweetser, David A., Thomas, Sara P., Tift, Cynthia J., Tolman, Nathanial J., Toro, Camilo, Vilain, Eric, Walley, Nicole M., Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M., Weech, Alec A., Westerfield, Monte, Wheeler, Matt T., Yamamoto, Shinya, Yang, Yaping, Zornio, Patricia A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 05.01.2017; Cell Press; Elsevier
• Subjects: Abnormalities, Multiple - genetics; ataxia; Ataxia - genetics; Central Nervous System - abnormalities; Child; Child, Preschool; COE3; Developmental disabilities; Developmental Disabilities - genetics; Drosophila; expressive speech disorder; Female; Gene expression; Genetic research; Genitalia - abnormalities; Genotype & phenotype; Humans; hypotonia; Infant; Infant, Newborn; inhibitory GABAergic neurons; intellectual disability; Intellectual Disability - genetics; knot; Male; Muscle Hypotonia - genetics; Mutation; Neurodevelopmental Disorders - genetics; Neurology; Speech Disorders - genetics; Syndrome; transcription factor; Transcription Factors - genetics; vermian hypoplasia; Zinc Fingers - genetics; transcription factor; ataxia; COE3; Drosophila; inhibitory GABAergic neurons; knot; vermian hypoplasia; expressive speech disorder; hypotonia; intellectual disability
• ISSN: 0002-9297; 1537-6605; 1537-6605
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.11.018

Early B cell factor 3 (EBF3) is a member of the highly evolutionarily conserved Collier/Olf/EBF (COE) family of transcription factors. Prior studies on invertebrate and vertebrate animals have shown that EBF3 homologs are essential for survival and that loss-of-function mutations are associated with a range of nervous system developmental defects, including perturbation of neuronal development and migration. Interestingly, aristaless-related homeobox (ARX), a homeobox-containing transcription factor critical for the regulation of nervous system development, transcriptionally represses EBF3 expression. However, human neurodevelopmental disorders related to EBF3 have not been reported. Here, we describe three individuals who are affected by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and expressive speech disorder and carry de novo variants in EBF3. Associated features seen in these individuals include congenital hypotonia, structural CNS malformations, ataxia, and genitourinary abnormalities. The de novo variants affect a single conserved residue in a zinc finger motif crucial for DNA binding and are deleterious in a fly model. Our findings indicate that mutations in EBF3 cause a genetic neurodevelopmental syndrome and suggest that loss of EBF3 function might mediate a subset of neurologic phenotypes shared by ARX-related disorders, including intellectual disability, abnormal genitalia, and structural CNS malformations.