Rare Nonconservative LRP6 Mutations Are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome

• Published in: Human mutation Vol. 34; no. 9; pp. 1221 - 1225
• Main Authors: Singh, Rajvir, Smith, Emily, Fathzadeh, Mohsen, Liu, Wenzhong, Go, Gwang-Woong, Subrahmanyan, Lakshman, Faramarzi, Saeed, McKenna, William, Mani, Arya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.09.2013; John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Cardiovascular disease; Case-Control Studies; coronary artery disease; Coronary Disease - complications; Coronary Disease - genetics; Coronary Disease - metabolism; Europe; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Variation; Glycosylation; Humans; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6 - genetics; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6 - metabolism; LRP6; Male; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - genetics; Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism; Middle Aged; Mutation; Pedigree; Phylogeny; Sequence Alignment; United States; Wnt Proteins - metabolism; Young Adult; coronary artery disease; metabolic syndrome; mutation; LRP6
• ISSN: 1059-7794; 1098-1004; 1098-1004
• DOI: 10.1002/humu.22360

ABSTRACT A rare mutation in LRP6 has been shown to underlie autosomal dominant coronary artery disease (CAD) and metabolic syndrome in an Iranian kindred. The prevalence and spectrum of LRP6 mutations in the disease population of the United States is not known. Two hundred white Americans with early onset familial CAD and metabolic syndrome and 2,000 healthy Northern European controls were screened for nonconservative mutations in LRP6. Three novel mutations were identified, which cosegregated with the metabolic traits in the kindreds of the affected subjects and none in the controls. All three mutations reside in the second propeller domain, which plays a critical role in ligand binding. Two of the mutations substituted highly conserved arginines in the second YWTD domain and the third substituted a conserved glycosylation site. The functional characterization of one of the variants showed that it impairs Wnt signaling and acts as a loss of function mutation. LRP6 is a member of LDL receptor family of proteins, which is widely known for its diverse functions as a coreceptor for the Wnt family of proteins during embryonic development. Recent studies have shown its involvement in regulation of vascular integrity, blood pressure, plasmaglucose and lipids and bone mineralization in adult life.