Phenolic compounds as antioxidants to improve oxidative stability of menhaden oil-based structured lipid as butterfat analog

• Published in: Food chemistry Vol. 334; p. 127584
• Main Authors: Zhang, Siyu, Willett, Sarah A., Hyatt, Joseph R., Martini, Silvana, Akoh, Casimir C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2021
• Subjects: 1-o-Galloylglycerol; Abietanes - chemistry; Antioxidant; Antioxidants - chemistry; Butterfat analog; Butylated Hydroxytoluene - chemistry; Caffeic Acids - chemistry; Cinnamates - chemistry; Coumaric Acids - chemistry; Depsides - chemistry; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - chemistry; Fish Oils - chemistry; Food Preservation; Gallic Acid - analogs & derivatives; Gallic Acid - chemistry; Glycerol - analogs & derivatives; Glycerol - chemistry; Menhaden oil-based structured lipid; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols - chemistry; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Propyl Gallate - chemistry; Rosmarinic Acid; Tocopherols - chemistry; 1-o-Galloylglycerol; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Antioxidant; Butterfat analog; Menhaden oil-based structured lipid
• ISSN: 0308-8146; 1873-7072
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127584

•Antioxidant activity of 9 phenolic compounds was determined in a structured lipid.•Novel antioxidant 1-o-galloylglycerol increased the oil oxidation stability significantly.•DSC oxidation induction time showed a good correlation with accelerated oxidation test.•A strong synergistic effect was observed between GG and tocopherols.•Medium-long-medium chain fatty acid (MLM)-type structured lipid has great potential for use as a healthy butterfat analog. Phenolic compounds, including propyl gallate, 1-o-galloylglycerol, ferulic, gallic, caffeic, rosmarinic, and carnosic acids, tocopherols, and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), were investigated as antioxidants to improve the oxidative stability of a structured lipid (SL) produced by the enzymatic acidolysis of menhaden oil with caprylic and stearic acids. SL had similar physical properties to butterfat but was more susceptible to oxidation. The above phenolic compounds were each added to SL as antioxidants. SL with 1-o-galloylglycerol, rosmarinic acid, or BHT showed the highest oxidative stability during an accelerated oxidation test with the total oxidation (TOTOX) value around 250 after 18 days. Oxidation induction time (OIT) using differential scanning calorimetry showed a good correlation with the accelerated oxidation test. A mixture of 1-o-galloylglycerol and tocopherols at 50:50 ppm had the strongest protective effect on SL (OIT = 115.1 min) compared to the other tested compounds or combinations at the same concentration (OIT < 100 min).