Selective trace enrichment of acidic pharmaceuticals in real water and sediment samples based on solid-phase extraction using multi-templates molecularly imprinted polymers

• Published in: Analytica chimica acta Vol. 758; pp. 93 - 100
• Main Authors: Duan, Yan-Ping, Dai, Chao-Meng, Zhang, Ya-Lei, Ling-Chen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 03.01.2013; Elsevier
• Subjects: Acidic pharmaceuticals; Acids - isolation & purification; Adsorption; Analysis methods; Analytical chemistry; Applied sciences; Cartridges; Chemistry; Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography; Chromatography, Liquid; Enrichment; Exact sciences and technology; Extraction; Geologic Sediments - analysis; Global environmental pollution; Ibuprofen; Imprinted polymers; Lakes - analysis; Molecular Imprinting; Multi-templates molecularly imprinted polymer; Natural water pollution; Other chromatographic methods; Pharmaceutical Preparations - isolation & purification; Pharmaceuticals; Pollution; Polymers - chemistry; Real water; Sediment; Sediments; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sewage - analysis; Solid Phase Extraction - methods; Solid-phase extraction; Spectrometric and optical methods; Waste water; Water Pollutants, Chemical - isolation & purification; Water treatment and pollution; Sediment; Real water; Acidic pharmaceuticals; Multi-templates molecularly imprinted polymer; Solid-phase extraction; Solid phase extraction; Molecular structure; Fresh water; Ketoprofen; Mixture; Waste water; Chemical enrichment; Multi-templates molecularly imprinted; Binding capacity; Sample preparation; Naproxen; Ibuprofen; Solvent; Trace analysis; Drug; Sample; Toluene; Polymer; Liquid chromatography; Method; Sediments; Adsorption; Volume; Mass spectrometry MS/MS; Environment; Molecular imprinting; Comparative study
• ISSN: 0003-2670; 1873-4324
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.11.010

[Display omitted] ► A novel multi-templates MIP was prepared using acidic pharmaceuticals mix as the template. ► Optimization of a protocol of extraction based on molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE). ► Application of the optimized protocol for the extraction of acidic pharmaceuticals from real environmental samples. A novel multi-templates molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), using acidic pharmaceuticals mixture (ibuprofen (IBP), naproxen (NPX), ketoprofen (KEP), diclofenac (DFC), and clofibric acid (CA)) as the template, was prepared as solid-phase extraction (SPE) material for the quantitative enrichment of acidic pharmaceuticals in environmental samples and off-line coupled with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Washing solvent was optimized in terms of kind and volume for removing the matrix constituents nonspecifically adsorbed on the MIP. When 1L of water sample spiked at 1μg/L was loaded onto the cartridge, the binding capacity of the MIP cartridge were 48.7μg/g for KEP, 60.7μg/g for NPX, 52μg/g for CA, 61.3μg/g for DFC and 60.7μg/g for IBP, respectively, which are higher than those of the commercial single template MIP in organic medium (e.g. toluene) reported in the literature. Recoveries of the five acidic pharmaceuticals extracted from 1L of real water samples such as lake water and wastewater spiked at 1μg/L were more than 95%. The recoveries of acidic pharmaceuticals extracted from 10-g sediment sample spiked at the 10ng/g level were in the range of 77.4–90.6%. To demonstrate the potential of the MIP obtained, a comparison with commercial C18 SPE cartridge was performed. Molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) cartridge showed higher recoveries than commercial C18 SPE cartridge for acidic pharmaceuticals. These results showed the suitability of the MISPE method for the selective extraction of a group of structurally related compounds such as acidic pharmaceuticals.