Associations between intake of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and risk of pancreatic cancer: a population-based, case–control study in Minnesota

• Published in: British journal of nutrition Vol. 126; no. 10; pp. 1549 - 1557
• Main Authors: Fan, Hao, Yu, Yunpeng, Nan, Haocheng, Hoyt, Margaret, Reger, Michael K., Prizment, Anna, Anderson, Kristin E., Zhang, Jianjun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 28.11.2021
• Subjects: Alcohol; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage; Cancer; Carcinogenesis; Carcinogens; Case studies; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Data analysis; Diabetes; Diet; Dietary intake; Dietary minerals; Dietary Surveys and Nutritional Epidemiology; Disease prevention; Education; Energy; Energy intake; Family medical history; Fatalities; Food; Food intake; Fruits; Health risks; Humans; Low density lipoprotein; Magnesium; Magnesium - administration & dosage; Metropolitan areas; Minerals; Minnesota - epidemiology; Nutrients; Obesity; Pancreatic cancer; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatic Neoplasms - epidemiology; Pancreatic Neoplasms - etiology; Phosphorus; Phosphorus - administration & dosage; Population; Population studies; Population-based studies; Questionnaires; Reproducibility; Response rates; Risk; Smoking; Weight control; Minnesota; United States > US; Phosphorus; Case-control study; Magnesium; Calcium; Pancreatic cancer
• ISSN: 0007-1145; 1475-2662
• DOI: 10.1017/S0007114521000283

Experimental studies suggest that abnormal levels of Ca, Mg and phosphorus are implicated in pancreatic carcinogenesis. We investigated the associations between intakes of these minerals and the risk of pancreatic cancer in a case-control study conducted in 1994–1998. Cases of pancreatic cancer (n 150) were recruited from all hospitals in the metropolitan area of the Twin Cities and Mayo Clinic, Minnesota. Controls (n 459) were randomly selected from the general population and frequency matched to cases by age, sex and race. All dietary variables were adjusted for energy intake using the residual method prior to data analysis. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the associations between intake of three nutrients examined and the risk of pancreatic cancer. Total intake of Ca (936 v. 1026 mg/d) and dietary intake of Mg (315 v. 331 mg/d) and phosphorus (1350 v. 1402 mg/d) were significantly lower in cases than in controls. After adjustment for confounders, there were not significant associations of total and dietary intakes of Ca, Mg and phosphorus with the risk of pancreatic cancer. In addition, no significant interactions exist between intakes of these minerals and total fat on pancreatic cancer risk. In conclusion, the present study does not suggest that intakes of Ca, Mg and phosphorus were significantly associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer.