Climatic Zone and Soil Properties Determine the Biodiversity of the Soil Bacterial Communities Associated to Native Plants from Desert Areas of North-Central Algeria

• Published in: Microorganisms (Basel) Vol. 9; no. 7; p. 1359
• Main Authors: Bona, Elisa, Massa, Nadia, Toumatia, Omrane, Novello, Giorgia, Cesaro, Patrizia, Todeschini, Valeria, Boatti, Lara, Mignone, Flavio, Titouah, Houda, Zitouni, Abdelghani, Lingua, Guido, Vuolo, Francesco, Gamalero, Elisa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 23.06.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Arid environments; arid zone; Aridity; Bacteria; Biodiversity; Climate change; climatic zone; Desert plants; desert soil; Drought; Flowers & plants; Herbal medicine; holobiont; Indigenous plants; Land degradation; Medicinal plants; Metagenomics; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Natural environment; Plant species; Rain; Semi arid environments; semi-arid zone; Semiarid environments; Software; Soil microorganisms; Soil properties; Soils; Weather; Italy; Algeria
• ISSN: 2076-2607; 2076-2607
• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071359

Algeria is the largest country in Africa characterized by semi-arid and arid sites, located in the North, and hypersaline zones in the center and South of the country. Several autochthonous plants are well known as medicinal plants, having in common tolerance to aridity, drought and salinity. In their natural environment, they live with a great amount of microbial species that altogether are indicated as plant microbiota, while the plants are now viewed as a “holobiont”. In this work, the microbiota of the soil associated to the roots of fourteen economically relevant autochthonous plants from Algeria have been characterized by an innovative metagenomic approach with a dual purpose: (i) to deepen the knowledge of the arid and semi-arid environment and (ii) to characterize the composition of bacterial communities associated with indigenous plants with a strong economic/commercial interest, in order to make possible the improvement of their cultivation. The results presented in this work highlighted specific signatures which are mainly determined by climatic zone and soil properties more than by the plant species.