New Inonotus Polysaccharides: Characterization and Anticomplementary Activity of Inonotus rheades Mycelium Polymers

• Published in: Polymers Vol. 15; no. 5; p. 1257
• Main Authors: Olennikov, Daniil N, Gornostai, Tatyana G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.03.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Analytical chemistry; anticomplementary activity; Biological activity; Chemical reactions; Fungi; galactan; Galactose; Hymenochaetaceae; Inonotus rheades; Liquid chromatography; Mannose; Monosaccharides; Mushrooms; mycelium; Physiology; Polymers; Polysaccharides; Spectrum analysis; St Petersburg Russia; United States > US; Europe; Russia; mycelium; polysaccharides; Inonotus rheades; Hymenochaetaceae; galactan; anticomplementary activity
• ISSN: 2073-4360; 2073-4360
• DOI: 10.3390/polym15051257

is a small genus of xylotrophic basidiomycetes and a source of bioactive fungochemicals among which a special place is occupied by polymeric compounds. In this study, polysaccharides that are widespread in Europe, Asia, and North America and a poorly understood fungal species, (Pers.) Karst. (fox polypore), were investigated. Water-soluble polysaccharides of mycelium were extracted, purified, and studied using chemical reactions, elemental and monosaccharide analysis, UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and linkage analysis. Five homogenic polymers (IRP-1-IRP-5) with molecular weights of 110-1520 kDa were heteropolysaccharides that consist mainly of galactose, glucose, and mannose. The dominant component, IRP-4, was preliminary concluded to be a branched (1→3,6)-linked galactan. Polysaccharides of inhibited the hemolysis of sensitized sheep erythrocytes by complement from human serum, signifying anticomplementary activity with the greatest effects for the IRP-4 polymer. These findings suggest that mycelium is a new source of fungal polysaccharides with potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.