Inbreeding depression and selfing rates in a self-compatible, hermaphroditic species, Schiedea membranacea (Caryophyllaceae)

Inbreeding depression and selfing rates were investigated in Schiedea membranacea (Caryophyllaceae), a hermaphroditic species endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Most theoretical models predict high inbreeding depression in outcrossing hermaphroditic species and low inbreeding depression in inbreeding...

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Published inAmerican journal of botany Vol. 86; no. 7; pp. 980 - 987
Main Authors Culley, Theresa M., Weller, Stephen G., Sakai, Ann K., Rankin, Anne E.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Botanical Soc America 01.07.1999
Botanical Society of America
Botanical Society of America, Inc
Subjects
Alleles
Biological taxonomies
Biomass
biomass production
Botany
Breeding
Capsules
Caryophyllaceae
dioecy
Evolution
Flowers & plants
Germination
Hawaiian Islands
hermaphroditism
Inbreeding depression
Inflorescences
isozymes
loci
mortality
outcrossing
phylogenetic analysis
phylogeny
Plant reproduction
Plants
Population Biology
Schiedea
Schiedea membranacea
seed germination
seed productivity
seed weight
seedlings
self compatibility
selfing
USA, Hawaii
viability
Hawaii
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Summary:Inbreeding depression and selfing rates were investigated in Schiedea membranacea (Caryophyllaceae), a hermaphroditic species endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Most theoretical models predict high inbreeding depression in outcrossing hermaphroditic species and low inbreeding depression in inbreeding species. Although high outcrossing rates and high levels of inbreeding depression are characteristic of many species of Schiedea, self-fertilization is common among relatives of hermaphroditic S. membranacea, and high selfing rates and low levels of inbreeding depression were predicted in this species. Sixteen individuals grown in the greenhouse were used to produce selfed and outcrossed progeny. Inbreeding depression, which was evident throughout the stages measured (percentage viable seeds per capsule, mean seed mass, percentage seed germination, percentage seedling survival, and biomass after 8 mo), averaged 0.70. Inbreeding depression among maternal families varied significantly for all measured traits and ranged from -0.12 to 0.97. Using isozyme analysis, the multilocus selfing rate varied from 0.13 to 0.38 over 4 yr. Contrary to the initial prediction of high selfing and low inbreeding depression based on phylogenetic relationships within Schiedea, low selfing rates and high levels of inbreeding depression were found in S. membranacea. These results indicate that outcrossing is stable in this species and maintained by high levels of inbreeding depression.
Bibliography:The authors thank S. Baughman, T. Flynn, and D. Lorence for help with seed collection in the field; R. Cabin for pollinator observations; Y. Alliman and C. Rincon for greenhouse care; J. Norman and C. Straub for assistance with electrophoresis; the National Tropical Botanical Garden for generous support of this research; the McBryde Endowment of the National Tropical Botanical Garden for support of SGW; S. Kephart for manuscript review, and C. Corn and the State of Hawaii for providing permits to study
Current address: Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH 43210.
S. membranacea
Author for correspondence
A University of California Presidential Undergraduate Fellowship to T. Culley funded the inbreeding depression study. Grants from the National Science Foundation (BSR 88‐17616, BSR 89‐18366, DEB 92‐07724) and the National Geographic Society to S. G. Weller and A. K. Sakai supported this research.
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ISSN:0002-9122
1537-2197
DOI:10.2307/2656615