The Interplay of Sirtuin-1, LDL-Cholesterol, and HDL Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Effects of Energy Restriction and Atorvastatin on Women with Premature Coronary Artery Disease

• Published in: Antioxidants Vol. 11; no. 12; p. 2363
• Main Authors: Leal, Dalila Pinheiro, Gonçalinho, Gustavo Henrique Ferreira, Tavoni, Thauany Martins, Kuwabara, Karen Lika, Paccanaro, Ana Paula, Freitas, Fatima Rodrigues, Strunz, Célia Maria Cassaro, César, Luiz Antonio Machado, Maranhão, Raul Cavalcante, Mansur, Antonio de Padua
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 29.11.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Antioxidants; atherosclerosis; Atorvastatin; Biochemical markers; calorie restriction; Cardiovascular disease; Cholesterol; Clinical trials; Coronary artery disease; Coronary heart disease; Coronary vessels; Energy; Food; HDL; Heart diseases; High density lipoprotein; Lipid composition; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Low density lipoprotein; Nanoemulsions; oxidation; Phospholipid composition; Phospholipids; Physiological aspects; Plasma; Reagents; Statins; Triglycerides; Vein & artery diseases; Womens health; Brazil; United States > US; Germany; atherosclerosis; coronary artery disease; oxidation; HDL; calorie restriction; atorvastatin
• ISSN: 2076-3921; 2076-3921
• DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122363

HDL function has gained prominence in the literature as there is a greater predictive capacity for risk in early coronary artery disease when compared to the traditional parameters. However, it is unclear how dietary energy restriction and atorvastatin influence HDL function. A randomized controlled trial with 39 women with early CAD divided into three groups (n = 13): energy restriction (30% of VET), atorvastatin (80 mg), and control. Analyses of traditional biochemical markers (lipid and glucose profile), circulating Sirt-1, and HDL function (lipid composition, lipid transfer, and antioxidant capacity). Participants' mean age was 50.5 ± 3.8 years. Energy restriction increased Sirt-1 by 63.6 pg/mL (95%CI: 1.5-125.7; = 0.045) and reduced BMI by 0.8 kg/m (95%CI: -1.349--0.273; = 0.004) in a manner independent of other cardiometabolic factors. Atorvastatin reduced LDL-c by 40.0 mg/dL (95%CI: -69.910--10.1; = 0.010). Increased Sirt-1 and reduced BMI were independently associated with reduced phospholipid composition of HDL (respectively, β = -0.071; CI95%:-0.136--0.006; = 0.033; β = 7.486; CI95%:0.350-14.622; = 0.040). Reduction in BMI was associated with lower HDL-free cholesterol (β = 0.818; CI95%:0.044-1.593; = 0.039). LDL-c reduction by statins was associated with reduced maximal lipid peroxide production rate of HDL (β = 0.002; CI95%:0.000-0.003; = 0.022) and total conjugated diene generation (β = 0.001; CI95%:0.000-0.001; = 0.029). This study showed that energy restriction and atorvastatin administration were associated with changes in lipid profile, serum Sirt-1 concentrations, and HDL function.