Imaging of the hip in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

• Published in: Pediatric radiology Vol. 48; no. 6; pp. 811 - 817
• Main Authors: Shelmerdine, Susan Cheng, Di Paolo, Pier Luigi, Tanturri de Horatio, Laura, Malattia, Clara, Magni-Manzoni, Silvia, Rosendahl, Karen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.06.2018; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Arthritis; Arthritis, Juvenile - diagnostic imaging; Arthritis, Juvenile - pathology; Change detection; Child; Children; Clinical trials; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Progression; Hip; Hip joint; Hip Joint - diagnostic imaging; Hip Joint - pathology; Humans; Imaging; Literature reviews; Medical imaging; Medical treatment; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Minisymposium: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis; Neuroradiology; Nuclear Medicine; Oncology; Pain; Pediatrics; Radiology; Reliability analysis; Ultrasound; Radiography; Validity; Magnetic resonance imaging; Scoring; Children; Ultrasound; Hip; Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
• ISSN: 0301-0449; 1432-1998
• DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-4022-7

Hip involvement is common and estimated to occur in approximately 35–63% of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). It is more prevalent in the aggressive systemic subtypes, with irreversible changes occurring as early as within 5 years of diagnosis. Whilst clinical parameters and joint examination can be useful for assessing disease severity, subclinical disease is known to exist and delayed treatment may herald a lifetime of disability and pain. Early recognition of JIA changes is therefore crucial in determining treatment options. Validated scoring systems in the radiologic assessment of the hip for clinical drug trials may inform treatment outcomes, although robust tools for analysis are still lacking. This review article details the modalities utilised for imaging the hip in children with JIA with particular efforts focused upon reliability and validity in their assessment of joint disease. We conclude with a short literature review on the potential future techniques being developed for hip joint imaging in JIA.