A homeostatic clock sets daughter centriole size in flies

• Published in: The Journal of cell biology Vol. 217; no. 4; pp. 1233 - 1248
• Main Authors: Aydogan, Mustafa G, Wainman, Alan, Saurya, Saroj, Steinacker, Thomas L, Caballe, Anna, Novak, Zsofia A, Baumbach, Janina, Muschalik, Nadine, Raff, Jordan W
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Rockefeller University Press 02.04.2018
• Subjects: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Cycle Proteins - genetics; Cell Cycle Proteins - metabolism; Cell growth; Cells; Centrioles; Centrioles - enzymology; Centrioles - genetics; Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics; Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism; Drosophila melanogaster - embryology; Drosophila melanogaster - enzymology; Drosophila melanogaster - genetics; Drosophila Proteins - genetics; Drosophila Proteins - metabolism; Embryo, Nonmammalian - enzymology; Embryos; Fruit flies; Growth rate; Homeostasis; Kinases; Locomotion; Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics; Microtubule-Associated Proteins - metabolism; Mutation; Organelles; Polo-like kinase; Protein Binding; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism; Protein Transport; Proteins; S Phase; Signal Transduction; Time Factors
• ISSN: 0021-9525; 1540-8140
• DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201801014

Centrioles are highly structured organelles whose size is remarkably consistent within any given cell type. New centrioles are born when Polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4) recruits Ana2/STIL and Sas-6 to the side of an existing "mother" centriole. These two proteins then assemble into a cartwheel, which grows outwards to form the structural core of a new daughter. Here, we show that in early embryos, daughter centrioles grow at a linear rate during early S-phase and abruptly stop growing when they reach their correct size in mid- to late S-phase. Unexpectedly, the cartwheel grows from its proximal end, and Plk4 determines both the rate and period of centriole growth: the more active the centriolar Plk4, the faster centrioles grow, but the faster centriolar Plk4 is inactivated and growth ceases. Thus, Plk4 functions as a homeostatic clock, establishing an inverse relationship between growth rate and period to ensure that daughter centrioles grow to the correct size.