Role of Histone Methylation in Maintenance of Genome Integrity

• Published in: Genes Vol. 12; no. 7; p. 1000
• Main Authors: Mushtaq, Arjamand, Mir, Ulfat Syed, Hunt, Clayton R, Pandita, Shruti, Tantray, Wajahat W, Bhat, Audesh, Pandita, Raj K, Altaf, Mohammad, Pandita, Tej K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 29.06.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Animals; Binding sites; Cell cycle; Chromatin; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA damage; DNA methylation; DNA Repair; Genomes; Genomic Instability; Histone Code; histone methylation; Histones; Histones - metabolism; homologous recombination; Humans; Methylation; Mutation; non-homologous end joining; Phase transitions; Phosphorylation; Post-translation; Proteins; Review; Yeast; histone methylation; non-homologous end joining; homologous recombination; DNA repair
• ISSN: 2073-4425; 2073-4425
• DOI: 10.3390/genes12071000

Packaging of the eukaryotic genome with histone and other proteins forms a chromatin structure that regulates the outcome of all DNA mediated processes. The cellular pathways that ensure genomic stability detect and repair DNA damage through mechanisms that are critically dependent upon chromatin structures established by histones and, particularly upon transient histone post-translational modifications. Though subjected to a range of modifications, histone methylation is especially crucial for DNA damage repair, as the methylated histones often form platforms for subsequent repair protein binding at damaged sites. In this review, we highlight and discuss how histone methylation impacts the maintenance of genome integrity through effects related to DNA repair and repair pathway choice.