The Brain Chart of Aging: Machine‐learning analytics reveals links between brain aging, white matter disease, amyloid burden, and cognition in the iSTAGING consortium of 10,216 harmonized MR scans

• Published in: Alzheimer's & dementia Vol. 17; no. 1; pp. 89 - 102
• Main Authors: Habes, Mohamad, Pomponio, Raymond, Shou, Haochang, Doshi, Jimit, Mamourian, Elizabeth, Erus, Guray, Nasrallah, Ilya, Launer, Lenore J., Rashid, Tanweer, Bilgel, Murat, Fan, Yong, Toledo, Jon B., Yaffe, Kristine, Sotiras, Aristeidis, Srinivasan, Dhivya, Espeland, Mark, Masters, Colin, Maruff, Paul, Fripp, Jurgen, Völzk, Henry, Johnson, Sterling C., Morris, John C., Albert, Marilyn S., Miller, Michael I., Bryan, R. Nick, Grabe, Hans J., Resnick, Susan M., Wolk, David A., Davatzikos, Christos
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.01.2021
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging - physiology; Alzheimer's disease pathology; Amyloid beta-Peptides - metabolism; Atrophy; beta‐amyloid; Biomarkers; Brain - growth & development; brain aging; brain signatures; Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases - metabolism; Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases - psychology; Cognitive Dysfunction; cognitive testing; Dementia; Disease Progression; Female; harmonized neuroimaging cohorts; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Machine Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Male; Middle Aged; MRI; Neuroimaging; Neuropsychological Tests; PET; preclinical Alzheimer's disease; small vessel ischemic disease; tau; White Matter - growth & development; White Matter - pathology; Young Adult; Neuroimaging; MRI; small vessel ischemic disease; harmonized neuroimaging cohorts; brain aging; tau; Machine Learning; cognitive testing; beta-amyloid; brain signatures; Alzheimer's disease pathology; preclinical Alzheimer's disease; PET; Dementia
• ISSN: 1552-5260; 1552-5279
• DOI: 10.1002/alz.12178

Introduction Relationships between brain atrophy patterns of typical aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), white matter disease, cognition, and AD neuropathology were investigated via machine learning in a large harmonized magnetic resonance imaging database (11 studies; 10,216 subjects). Methods Three brain signatures were calculated: Brain‐age, AD‐like neurodegeneration, and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Brain Charts measured and displayed the relationships of these signatures to cognition and molecular biomarkers of AD. Results WMHs were associated with advanced brain aging, AD‐like atrophy, poorer cognition, and AD neuropathology in mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/AD and cognitively normal (CN) subjects. High WMH volume was associated with brain aging and cognitive decline occurring in an ≈10‐year period in CN subjects. WMHs were associated with doubling the likelihood of amyloid beta (Aβ) positivity after age 65. Brain aging, AD‐like atrophy, and WMHs were better predictors of cognition than chronological age in MCI/AD. Discussion A Brain Chart quantifying brain‐aging trajectories was established, enabling the systematic evaluation of individuals’ brain‐aging patterns relative to this large consortium.