Bacteriophages that infect the cellulolytic ruminal bacterium Ruminococcus albus AR67

• Published in: Letters in applied microbiology Vol. 38; no. 4; pp. 333 - 338
• Main Authors: Klieve, A.V, Bain, P.A, Yokoyama, M.T, Ouwerkerk, D, Forster, R.J, Turner, A.F
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Science Ltd 01.01.2004; Blackwell Science
• Subjects: Anaerobiosis; bacterial viruses; Biological and medical sciences; cellulose; DNA - isolation & purification; DNA - metabolism; DNA Fingerprinting; DNA Restriction Enzymes - metabolism; DNA, Circular - isolation & purification; DNA, Circular - metabolism; DNA, Single-Stranded - isolation & purification; DNA, Single-Stranded - metabolism; DNA, Viral - isolation & purification; DNA, Viral - metabolism; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Inoviridae; Inoviridae - classification; Inoviridae - isolation & purification; Inoviridae - physiology; Inoviridae - ultrastructure; Inovirus; Inovirus - classification; Inovirus - isolation & purification; Inovirus - physiology; Inovirus - ultrastructure; Microbiology; Nucleocapsid - ultrastructure; rumen; Ruminococcus; Ruminococcus - virology; Ruminococcus albus; Tectiviridae; Tectiviridae - classification; Tectiviridae - isolation & purification; Tectiviridae - physiology; Tectiviridae - ultrastructure; Tectivirus; Eubacteriales; bacterial viruses; Applied microbiology; Cellulose; Rumen; Inoviridae; Peptococcaceae; Virus; Bacterium; Ruminococcus; Bacteria; Tectiviridae; Phage
• ISSN: 0266-8254; 1472-765X; 1365-2673
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2004.01493.x

Aim:  To isolate bacterial viruses that infect the ruminal cellulolytic bacterium Ruminococcus albus. Methods:  Four phages infecting R. albus AR67 were isolated under anaerobic conditions using the soft‐agar overlay technique. The phages were characterized on morphology, solvent stability, nucleic acid type and digestion characteristics. Two phages, φRa02 and φRa04 comprised icosahedral virions with linear double‐stranded DNA and appeared to belong to the family Tectiviridae. The other two phages are most likely filamentous phages with circular single‐stranded DNA of the family Inoviridae. Significance of the Study:  Viruses of the families Tectiviridae and Inoviridae have not previously been isolated from rumen bacteria. The phages isolated in this study are the first phages shown to infect the cellulolytic bacteria of the rumen. This suggests that the cellulolytic populations of the rumen are subject to lytic events that may impact on the ability of these bacteria to degrade plant fibre and on the nutrition of the animal.