A Review of the State of the Science of HIV and Stigma: Context, Conceptualization, Measurement, Interventions, Gaps, and Future Priorities

Stigma is a fundamental cause of health inequities. As such, stigma is a major barrier to HIV prevention, care, and treatment. This review will examine the concept of stigma, explicating the mechanisms of action of HIV-related stigma while also examining intersectional stigma and structural stigma....

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Bibliographic Details
Published inThe Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care Vol. 32; no. 3; pp. 392 - 407
Main Authors Relf, Michael V., L. Holzemer, William, Holt, Lauren, Nyblade, Laura, Ellis Caiola, Courtney
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Wolters Kluwer 01.05.2021
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies
Subjects
Concept Formation
Health care
Health disparities
Health Personnel - psychology
HIV
HIV Infections - epidemiology
HIV Infections - prevention & control
HIV Infections - psychology
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Intersectionality
Intersectoral Collaboration
Intervention
Measurement
Medical personnel
Medical research
Nurses - psychology
Nursing Research
Prevention programs
Preventive medicine
Research methodology
Social Stigma
Stigma
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Summary:Stigma is a fundamental cause of health inequities. As such, stigma is a major barrier to HIV prevention, care, and treatment. This review will examine the concept of stigma, explicating the mechanisms of action of HIV-related stigma while also examining intersectional stigma and structural stigma. Instruments to measure HIV-related stigma and its mechanisms of action, as well as stigma enacted and experienced by HIV health care providers, will also be reviewed. This article will conclude with a review of stigma interventions, gaps in the literature, and priorities for future HIV, intersectional, and structural stigma research.
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M. V. Relf was involved with the conceptualization, funding acquisition, visualization of tables, writing the original draft, and review and editing. W. Holzemer was involved with the conceptualization, visualization of tables, writing the original draft, and review and editing. Lauren Holt was involved with the conceptualization, and review and editing. L. Nyblade was involved with the conceptualization, funding acquisition, and review and editing. C. Caiola was involved with the conceptualization, writing the original draft, and review and editing.
Author Contributions
ISSN:1055-3290
1552-6917
1552-6917
DOI:10.1097/JNC.0000000000000237