Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce migration and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells and accelerate foam cell formation

• Published in: Toxicology and applied pharmacology Vol. 278; no. 1; pp. 16 - 25
• Main Authors: Suzuki, Yuka, Tada-Oikawa, Saeko, Ichihara, Gaku, Yabata, Masayuki, Izuoka, Kiyora, Suzuki, Masako, Sakai, Kiyoshi, Ichihara, Sahoko
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier Inc 01.07.2014; Elsevier
• Subjects: 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; ADHESION; ARTERIOSCLEROSIS; Atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis (general aspects, experimental research); Atherosclerosis - chemically induced; Atherosclerosis - metabolism; Atherosclerosis - pathology; Biological and medical sciences; Biological Transport; Blood and lymphatic vessels; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cell Adhesion - drug effects; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement - drug effects; Cell Survival - drug effects; CHOLESTEROL; Cholesterol - metabolism; Cholesterol uptake; Coculture Techniques; CONSUMER PRODUCTS; Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endotherial cells; Exact sciences and technology; Foam Cells - drug effects; Foam Cells - metabolism; Foam Cells - pathology; FOAMS; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - drug effects; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - metabolism; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - pathology; Humans; ICP MASS SPECTROSCOPY; IN VITRO; INDUSTRY; LEUKEMIA; Lipoproteins, LDL - metabolism; MACROPHAGES; Materials science; Medical sciences; MEMBRANES; Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity; METALS; MOLECULES; MONOCYTES; Monocytes - drug effects; Monocytes - metabolism; Monocytes - pathology; NANOPARTICLES; Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization; Particle Size; Physics; RECEPTORS; Receptors, Scavenger - drug effects; Receptors, Scavenger - metabolism; Time Factors; Titanium - toxicity; TITANIUM OXIDES; Toxicology; UPTAKE; Zinc oxide; Zinc Oxide - toxicity; ZINC OXIDES; THP-1; Endotherial cells; MCP-1; PMA; DLS; ICAM-1; Adhesion; Nanoparticles; Cholesterol uptake; PdI; LDL; Atherosclerosis; Zinc oxide; ZnO; ICP-MS; HUVECs; TiO2; Endothelial cell; Monocyte; Nanoparticle; Lipids; Cardiovascular disease; Foam cell; Ultrafine particle; Uptake; Cholesterol; Endothelial cells; Vascular disease; Nanostructured materials; Cell migration
• ISSN: 0041-008X; 1096-0333
• DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.04.010

Metal oxide nanoparticles are widely used in industry, cosmetics, and biomedicine. However, the effects of exposure to these nanoparticles on the cardiovascular system remain unknown. The present study investigated the effects of nanosized TiO2 and ZnO particles on the migration and adhesion of monocytes, which are essential processes in atherosclerogenesis, using an in vitro set-up of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1). We also examined the effects of exposure to nanosized metal oxide particles on macrophage cholesterol uptake and foam cell formation. The 16-hour exposure to ZnO particles increased the level of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and induced the migration of THP-1 monocyte mediated by increased MCP-1. Exposure to ZnO particles also induced adhesion of THP-1 cells to HUVECs. Moreover, exposure to ZnO particles, but not TiO2 particles, upregulated the expression of membrane scavenger receptors of modified LDL and increased cholesterol uptake in THP-1 monocytes/macrophages. In the present study, we found that exposure to ZnO particles increased macrophage cholesterol uptake, which was mediated by an upregulation of membrane scavenger receptors of modified LDL. These results suggest that nanosized ZnO particles could potentially enhance atherosclerogenesis and accelerate foam cell formation. •Effects of metal oxide nanoparticles on foam cell formation were investigated.•Exposure to ZnO nanoparticles induced migration and adhesion of monocytes.•Exposure to ZnO nanoparticles increased macrophage cholesterol uptake.•Expression of membrane scavenger receptors of modified LDL was also increased.•These effects were not observed after exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles.