Dietary n-3/long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for prevention of sporadic colorectal tumors: A randomized controlled trial in polypectomized participants

• Published in: Prostaglandins, leukotrienes and essential fatty acids Vol. 94; pp. 1 - 11
• Main Authors: Tokudome, Shinkan, Kuriki, Kiyonori, Yokoyama, Yoshifumi, Sasaki, Makoto, Joh, Takashi, Kamiya, Takeshi, Cheng, Jinglei, Ogawa, Kumiko, Shirai, Tomoyuki, Imaeda, Nahomi, Goto, Chiho, Tokudome, Yuko, Ichikawa, Hiromitsu, Okuyama, Harumi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Scotland Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2015
• Subjects: Advanced Basic Science; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Colorectal Neoplasms - blood; Colorectal Neoplasms - drug therapy; Colorectal Neoplasms - prevention & control; Colorectal Neoplasms - surgery; Colorectal tumors; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated - administration & dosage; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated - blood; Dietary intervention; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - administration & dosage; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Medication Adherence; n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; Polypectomized participants; Randomized controlled trial; Treatment Outcome; Colorectal tumors; ITT; HR; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; saturated fatty acid; RBC; fecal occult blood test; mono-unsaturated fatty acid; Intent-to-treat; AA; arachidonic acid; Polypectomized participants; Dietary intervention; colorectal cancer; PUFA; body mass index; cyclooxygenase; eicosapentaenoic acid; DPA; LOX; CRC; α-linolenic acid; long-chain n-3 PUFA; dietary intervention in polypectomized participants; FA; DHA; polyunsaturated fatty acid; World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research; LC n-3 PUFA; RCT; CRT; multivariate analysis of variance; NSAID; MUFA; fatty acid; red blood cell; SFA; lipoxygenase; WCRF/AICR; docosahexaenoic acid; docosapentaenoic acid; n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; colonoscopy; MANOVA; colorectal tumor; BMI; BEE; DIPP; linoleic acid; COX; randomized controlled trial; CS; barium enema examination; LA; ALA; EPA; hazard ratio; FOBT; Randomized controlled trial
• ISSN: 0952-3278; 1532-2823
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.09.001

Abstract To address preventive effects of n-3 PUFAs/LC n-3 PUFAs on CRTs, a randomized controlled trial was conducted. One-hundred four experimental group participants were advised to increase intake of n-3 PUFAs, including fish/shell fish, fish oil supplements and perilla oils, and to decrease consumption of n-6 PUFAs and fats/oils as a whole for 24 months. One-hundred one control group participants were only cautioned to reduce consumption of fats/oils as a whole. Random allocation was satisfactorily attained, and participants sufficiently complied with our regimen. Intakes, plasma concentrations, and compositions of the RBC and sigmoid colon membranes of n-3 PUFAs, LC n-3 PUFAs, EPA and DHA increased, and the ratios of n-6 PUFAs/n-3 PUFAs and AA/LC n-3 PUFAs decreased without any adverse response. Twenty-four months after the intervention, the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence intervals) was estimated to be 0.805 (0.536–1.209) with a signal towards the reduced CRT incidence.