Erect leaves caused by brassinosteroid deficiency increase biomass production and grain yield in rice

New cultivars with very erect leaves, which increase light capture for photosynthesis and nitrogen storage for grain filling, may have increased grain yields. Here we show that the erect leaf phenotype of a rice brassinosteroid-deficient mutant, osdwarf4-1, is associated with enhanced grain yields u...

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Published inNature biotechnology Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 105 - 109
Main Authors Sakamoto, T, Morinaka, Y, Ohnishi, T, Sunohara, H, Fujioka, S, Ueguchi-Tanaka, M, Mizutani, M, Sakata, K, Takatsuto, S, Yoshida, S
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York, NY Nature 01.01.2006
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects
Biological and medical sciences
Biomass
biosynthesis
Biotechnology
brassinosteroids
cytochrome P-450
dry matter accumulation
Edible Grain - physiology
Fruit - genetics
Fruit - growth & development
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
genes
Genetic Enhancement - methods
grain yield
leaves
mutants
mutation
Oryza - physiology
Oryza sativa
OsDWARF4 gene
plant architecture
Plant Leaves - physiology
Plants, Genetically Modified - physiology
Protein Kinases - deficiency
Protein Kinases - genetics
rice
shoots
Steroids, Heterocyclic - metabolism
Monocotyledones
Grains
Growth
Cytochrome P450
Deficiency
Biosynthesis
Plant leaf
Biomass
Oryza sativa
Gramineae
Morphology
Angiospermae
Production
Spermatophyta
Yield
Mutation
Rice
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Summary:New cultivars with very erect leaves, which increase light capture for photosynthesis and nitrogen storage for grain filling, may have increased grain yields. Here we show that the erect leaf phenotype of a rice brassinosteroid-deficient mutant, osdwarf4-1, is associated with enhanced grain yields under conditions of dense planting, even without extra fertilizer. Molecular and biochemical studies reveal that two different cytochrome P450s, CYP90B2/OsDWARF4 and CYP724B1/D11, function redundantly in C-22 hydroxylation, the rate-limiting step of brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Therefore, despite the central role of brassinosteroids in plant growth and development, mutation of OsDWARF4 alone causes only limited defects in brassinosteroid biosynthesis and plant morphology. These results suggest that regulated genetic modulation of brassinosteroid biosynthesis can improve crops without the negative environmental effects of fertilizers.
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ISSN:1087-0156
1546-1696
DOI:10.1038/nbt1173