Real-time PCR detection of adenoviruses, polyomaviruses, and torque teno viruses in river water in Japan

• Published in: Water research (Oxford) Vol. 44; no. 6; pp. 1747 - 1752
• Main Authors: Haramoto, Eiji, Kitajima, Masaaki, Katayama, Hiroyuki, Ohgaki, Shinichiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2010; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adenoviridae; Adenoviridae - genetics; Adenoviridae - isolation & purification; Adenovirus; Adenoviruses; Applied sciences; BK Virus - genetics; BK Virus - isolation & purification; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Exact sciences and technology; Freshwater; Immunomagnetic Separation; Immunomagnetic separation PCR; Japan; JC Virus - genetics; JC Virus - isolation & purification; microbial contamination; Other industrial wastes. Sewage sludge; Pollution; polymerase chain reaction; Polyomaviridae; Polyomavirus; Polyomavirus - genetics; Polyomavirus - isolation & purification; prevalence; Public health; Real time; Real-time PCR; Reproduction; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; river water; Rivers; Rivers - virology; Separation; serotypes; Torque; Torque teno virus; Torque teno virus - genetics; Torque teno virus - isolation & purification; Viruses; Wastes; Water Microbiology; water quality analysis; Water treatment and pollution; Japan; Asia; Japan, Honshu, Tamagawa R; Torque teno virus; Immunomagnetic separation PCR; Real-time PCR; Adenovirus; Public health; Polyomavirus; Polymerase chain reaction; Aquatic environment; Health and environment; Surface water; Stream; Real time system
• ISSN: 0043-1354; 1879-2448
• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.11.043

The prevalence of DNA viruses in water from the Tamagawa River, Japan was quantitatively surveyed for 6 months, from April to September 2003. A total of 18 river water samples were subjected to virus concentration method using an electronegative membrane, followed by DNA extraction and direct quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for DNA viruses. Adenoviruses of serotypes 40 and 41 were detected most frequently in the river water samples tested (61.1%), at a concentration ranging from 3.16 × 10 3 to 1.38 × 10 5 copies/l, followed by JC polyomaviruses (11.1%) and torque teno viruses (5.6%). No sample was positive for BK polyomaviruses. In addition, for selective detection of virus particles, adenoviruses 40 and 41 were tested with qPCR combined with an immunomagnetic separation technique; they were detected in only 16.7% of the samples, showing a concentration ranging from 7.42 × 10 2 to 4.24 × 10 4 copies/l. This study is significant since it is the first study to demonstrate the prevalence of polyomaviruses in water samples in Japan and to use immunomagnetic separation qPCR to detect adenovirus particles in aquatic environments.