Fabrication of all solid-state rechargeable lithium battery and its electrochemical properties

• Published in: Journal of power sources Vol. 158; no. 2; pp. 1436 - 1441
• Main Authors: Rho, Young Ho, Kanamura, Kiyoshi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Lausanne Elsevier B.V 01.08.2006; Elsevier Sequoia
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Ceramic electrolyte; Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation; Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering; Electrical power engineering; Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells; Exact sciences and technology; Lithium battery; Oxide electrolyte; PVP sol–gel method; Solid electrolyte; Thin film battery; Lithium battery; Ceramic electrolyte; PVP sol–gel method; Oxide electrolyte; Thin film battery; Solid electrolyte; Polymer gels; Methyl methacrylate polymer; Secondary cell; Electrode material; Discharge charge cycle; Thin film; Cyclic voltammetry; Electrochemical properties; Sol gel process; Manufacturing; Impedance; Performance; PVP sol-gel method
• ISSN: 0378-7753; 1873-2755
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.10.057

An all solid-state rechargeable lithium battery was successfully fabricated using a ceramic electrolyte and a thin film technique. A polymer-modified sol–gel method was applied in order to prepare the electrode-coated ceramic electrolyte. Li 4Ti 5O 12 known for its outstanding electrochemical performances and the partially crystallized glass ceramics, LiTi 2(PO 4) 3–AlPO 4 were adopted as electrode and electrolyte materials, respectively. The all solid-state battery cell constructed with lithium metal, PMMA buffer, and electrode-coated ceramic electrolyte was electrochemically evaluated with ac impedance, cyclic voltammetry, and discharge–charge test. The impedance of the interface between Li 4Ti 5O 12 film and the solid electrolyte showed a relatively low resistance of ∼110 Ω cm −2 at 1.60 V. Highly reversible sharp redox peaks were observed at around 1.55 V from cyclic voltammograms, and these were still clear even at a high scan rate of 3 mV s −1, indicating a fast electrochemical response. A charge–discharge experiment showed an excellent reversibility of the cell but a relatively smaller discharge capacity of 100.49 mAh g −1 at C/5 than theoretical one of 175 mAh g −1. This may be due to formation of an interlayer at the interface, which may be caused by chemical reaction between Li 4Ti 5O 12 and the ceramic electrolyte during a firing step during preparation. In spite of the undesirable side-reaction, the ceramic electrolyte was successfully applied to the solid-state rechargeable lithium battery by means of a thin film technique using the polymer-modified sol–gel method, through increasing the interfacial contact area, i.e. reducing the interfacial resistance.