A comparison of antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of phenothiazinium dyes between Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial biofilm

• Published in: Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy Vol. 18; pp. 24 - 33
• Main Authors: Misba, Lama, Zaidi, Sahar, Khan, Asad U
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.06.2017
• Subjects: Biofilm; Biofilms - drug effects; Biofilms - growth & development; Biofilms - radiation effects; Coloring Agents - administration & dosage; DCFH-DA; Disinfection - methods; DNA fragmentation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Enterococcus faecalis - drug effects; Enterococcus faecalis - growth & development; Enterococcus faecalis - radiation effects; Gram negative; Gram positive; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine; Internal Medicine; Klebsiella - drug effects; Klebsiella - growth & development; Klebsiella - radiation effects; Phenothiazines - administration & dosage; Photochemotherapy - methods; Photodynamic therapy; Photosensitizing Agents - administration & dosage; Treatment Outcome; Biofilm; DCFH-DA; Gram negative; Photodynamic therapy; Gram positive; DNA fragmentation
• ISSN: 1572-1000; 1873-1597
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.177

Highlights • Phenothiazinium dyes are highly effective against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. • Gram-positive bacteria are more susceptible due to enhanced ROS generation, higher photosensitizers binding efficiency and DNA degradation. • Preformed biofilm of both the bacteria were reduced after APDT by 3log10. E. faecalis formed dense and deep biofilm than K. pneumoniae. • CLSM and SEM revealed the efficient antibiofilm effect of phenothiazinium dyes.