Anti-proliferative effects of a new docosapentaenoic acid monoacylglyceride in colorectal carcinoma cells

• Published in: Prostaglandins, leukotrienes and essential fatty acids Vol. 89; no. 4; pp. 203 - 213
• Main Authors: Morin, Caroline, Rousseau, Éric, Fortin, Samuel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Scotland Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2013
• Subjects: Advanced Basic Science; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents - metabolism; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; Caspase 3 - metabolism; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Colorectal carcinoma; Colorectal Neoplasms - drug therapy; Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism; DPA; Drug Synergism; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Fatty Acids - metabolism; Female; HCT116 Cells; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - metabolism; Mice; Mice, Nude; Monoglycerides - metabolism; Monoglycerides - pharmacology; NF-kappa B - metabolism; NFκB; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; DPA; NFκB; Colorectal carcinoma; Apoptosis
• ISSN: 0952-3278; 1532-2823
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2013.07.004

Abstract N −3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( n −3 PUFAs) have been shown to inhibit the induction and progression of many tumor types. However, the anticancer effect of n −3 PUFA monoglyceride on colorectal cancer has yet to be assessed. The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-tumorigenic effects of docosahexaenoic acid monoglyceride (MAG-DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid monoglyceride (MAG-EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5 n −3) monoglyceride (MAG-DPA) in colorectal carcinoma cells. Our results demonstrate that MAG-DHA, MAG-EPA and MAG-DPA all decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells, with MAG-DPA having the higher anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in vitro . In a HCT116 xenograft mouse model, oral administration of MAG-DPA significantly inhibited tumor growth. Furthermore, MAG-DPA treatments decreased NFκB activation leading to a reduction in Bcl-2, CyclinD1, c-myc, COX-2, MMP9 and VEGF expression levels in tumor tissue sections. Altogether, these data provide new evidence regarding the mode of action of MAG-DPA in colorectal cancer cells.