Role of dietary fat type in the development of adiposity from dietary obesity-susceptible Sprague–Dawley rats

• Published in: British journal of nutrition Vol. 89; no. 3; pp. 429 - 437
• Main Authors: Jang, In Surk, Hwang, Dae Yeon, Chae, Kab Ryong, Lee, Ju Eun, Kim, Yong Kyu, Kang, Tae Seok, Hwang, Jin Hee, Lim, Chae Hyung, Huh, Young Bum
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.03.2003
• Subjects: Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase - metabolism; Adipocytes; Adipose Tissue - drug effects; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Cattle; Corn Oil - pharmacology; Diet; Dietary Fats - pharmacology; Disease Susceptibility; Eating; Fatty acids; Feeding behavior; Fish oils; Fish Oils - pharmacology; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Laboratory animals; Leptin - blood; Liver - metabolism; Male; Medical sciences; Metabolic diseases; Neuropeptide Y - metabolism; Neuropeptides; Nutrition research; Obesity; Obesity - etiology; Oils & fats; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - metabolism; Receptors, Leptin; Transcription Factors - metabolism; Weight Gain - drug effects; Neuropeptide Y; Fat type; Hypothalamic leptin receptor; Acetyl carboxylase CoA; Leptin; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ; Adipose tissue; Rat; Peptide hormone; Central nervous system; Lipids; Hypothalamus; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase; Ligases; Predisposition; Ob gene; Peptidergic receptor; Fat type: Leptin: Hypothalamic leptin receptor: Neuropeptide Y: Acetyl carboxylase CoA: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ; Nutritional status; Carbon-carbon ligases; Obesity; Enzyme; Rodentia; Nutrition disorder; Gene expression; PPAR-γ receptor; Feeding; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Diet; Animal; Macronutrient; Brain (vertebrata)
• ISSN: 0007-1145; 1475-2662
• DOI: 10.1079/BJN2002801

The present study was designed to define how dietary fat type regulates body adiposity in dietary obesity-susceptible (DOS) Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. Eighty-three SD rats received a purified diet containing 50 g maize oil (MO)/kg for 3 weeks and then thirty-nine of the rats, designated as the DOS rats, were allotted to diets containing 160 g MO (DOS-MO), beef tallow (DOS-BT) or fish oil (DOS-FO)/kg for 9 weeks. As a result of the experiment, the DOS-FO rats had significantly (P<0·05) reduced weight gain and abdominal and epididymal fat-pad mass than the DOS-MO and DOS-BT rats. Serum leptin level was also significantly (P<0·05) lower in the DOS-FO rats; however, hypothalamic leptin receptor (a and b) mRNA and neuropeptide Y expressions were not altered by dietary fat sources. A lower acetyl-CoA carboxylase mRNA expression in the liver was observed in the DOS-FO group, whereas hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ mRNA and protein expressions were markedly elevated in the DOS-FO group compared with those in the other groups. We did not observe differences in acetyl-CoA carboxylase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ expressions in epididymal fat of the DOS rats consuming MO, BT or FO. It is concluded from our present observations that dietary fat type, especially that rich in FO, plays a potential role in down-regulation of adiposity by altering hepatic lipogenic genes, rather than feeding behaviour, in the DOS-SD rats.