New immunological aspects of peri-implantitis

• Published in: Einstein (São Paulo, Brazil) Vol. 22; p. eAO0396
• Main Authors: Bertoldo, Bárbara Bellocchio, Paulo, Guilherme Oliveira, Furtado, Taíssa Cássia de Souza, Pereira, Thiago Lima, Rodrigues Junior, Virmondes, Rodrigues, Denise Bertulucci Rocha, de Faria, Juliana Barbosa, Rosa, Rodrigo César, Pereira, Sanívia Aparecida de Lima
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Brazil Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein 01.01.2024
• Subjects: Humans; Hypoxia; Hypoxia-inducible factor 1; Inflammation; Interleukin-10; MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL; Original; Peri-Implantitis; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Vascular endothelial growth factors; Hypoxia-inducible factor 1; Peri-implantitis; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Vascular endothelial growth factors; Interleukin-10
• ISSN: 1679-4508; 2317-6385; 2317-6385
• DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0396

The authors compared the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-10 in peri-implant crevicular fluid between patients with or without peri-implantitis. HIF-1α levels were significantly high in the peri-implantitis possibly due to hypoxia triggered by persistent inflammation. This study aimed to compare the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the peri-implant crevicular fluid of patients with and without peri-implantitis. Forty patients, comprising 16 with and 24 without peri-implantitis were selected. Patients with peri-implantitis exhibited significantly higher HIF-1α levels than those without peri-implantitis (p=0.0005). TNF-α revealed significant positive correlations with IL-10 (p=0.0008) and VEGF (p=0.0246), whereas HIF-1α and IL-10 levels (p=0.0041) demonstrated a negative and significative correlation in the peri-implantitis group. This study, for the first time demonstrates the balance of HIF-1α, TNFα, IL-10, and VEGF in peri-implantitis. It shows an elevated HIF-1α levels in patients with peri-implantitis, which could have stemmed from persistent inflammation- triggered hypoxia. Furthermore, the positive correlation between TNF-α and VEGF suggests intensified proinflammatory activity in peri-implantitis. Nevertheless, further studies are essential to understand these immune dynamics in peri-implantitis. Higher levels of HIF-1α in patients with peri-implantitis occurred possibly due to persistent hypoxia triggered by inflammation. Tissue hypoxia in peri-implantitis induced increase in HIF-1α consequently increased VEGF and angiogenesis, contributing to the persistence of inflammation.