Clinical, genetic, biochemical, and testicular biopsy findings among 1,213 men evaluated for infertility
Objective To study the pathologic findings among men evaluated for infertility. Design A retrospective, single-center, cross-sectional study. Setting University hospital–based research center. Participant(s) We included data from 1,213 medical records from infertile men referred for diagnostic work-...
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Published in | Fertility and sterility Vol. 107; no. 1; pp. 74 - 82.e7 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
01.01.2017
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Objective To study the pathologic findings among men evaluated for infertility. Design A retrospective, single-center, cross-sectional study. Setting University hospital–based research center. Participant(s) We included data from 1,213 medical records from infertile men referred for diagnostic work-up from 2005 to 2009. Interventions(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Health history, clinical findings, chromosome/genetic aberrations, semen quality, reproductive hormones. Result(s) In total, 64.4% of the infertile men had one or more reproductive disorders or factors influencing fertility, leaving 35.6% diagnosed as idiopathic infertile. In 244 patients (20%), including seven cases of testicular cancer and/or germ cell neoplasia in situ, a pathologic finding was first detected during diagnostic work-up. Two hundred four patients (16.8%) had a history of cryptorchidism and 154 (12.7%) of varicocele (grade 2 and 3). Thirty-three patients had chromosomal abnormalities, including 16 with sex chromosome abnormalities (11 with 47,XXY). Y-chromosome microdeletions were detected in 65 patients (5.4%). One hundred thirty-three had azoospermia, of which 58 had testicular biopsy findings (Sertoli cell–only syndrome: n = 23; spermatogenic arrest: n = 7; impaired spermatogenesis and atrophy: n = 28). Additionally, in idiopathic infertile men and infertile men with additional symptoms of testicular dysgenesis syndrome, 22.5% presented with a degree of Leydig cell insufficiency, with the highest frequency (33.1%) among patients with sperm concentration <5 million/mL. Conclusion(s) We report pathologic findings that could explain the male-factor infertility in two-thirds of infertile men referred to our center. Thus, male infertility may be a sign of an underlying disease that warrants attention. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0015-0282 1556-5653 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.09.015 |