Bone formation in the presence of platelet-rich plasma vs. bone morphogenetic protein-7

• Published in: Bone (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 34; no. 1; pp. 80 - 90
• Main Authors: Roldán, J.Camilo, Jepsen, Søren, Miller, Joanna, Freitag, Sandra, Rueger, David C, Açil, Yahya, Terheyden, Hendrik
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 2004; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Platelets - physiology; Bone formation; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins - pharmacology; Bone Transplantation; Cattle; Diseases of the osteoarticular system; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Mandible - drug effects; Mandible - growth & development; Medical sciences; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Osteogenesis - drug effects; Platelet-rich plasma; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reproducibility of Results; Transforming Growth Factor beta - pharmacology; Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Bone morphogenetic protein-7; Platelet-rich plasma; Bone formation; Bone morphogenetic protein; Morphology; Orthopedics; Platelet rich plasma; Physiology; Bone; Formation; Comparative study; Growth factor
• ISSN: 8756-3282; 1873-2763
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2003.09.011

Growth factors contained in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have recently been proposed to enhance maturation of bone grafts and, in combination with anorganic bovine bone, to support repair in the treatment of small bone defects in maxillofacial surgery. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) carried in a matrix may be able to replace the autologous bone graft in the treatment of critical size defects. However, no studies have compared the bone stimulating capacity of PRP and BMP. Likewise there is no data comparing the effects of PRP in either an autologous bone graft or in anorganic bovine bone. We augmented the mandible of Wistar rats ( n=28) on both sides with either anorganic bovine bone (Bio-Oss) or autologous rib bone. On the test side we applied either 20 μl of autologous PRP or 10 μl of rhBMP-7 (4 groups, n=7). In addition, bone induction was evaluated in an extraskeletal site ( n=14). A polychrome sequential labeling was performed. The animals were sacrificed by intra-vital perfusion on day 50. Undecalcified ground sections were evaluated by microradiography, digitized histomorphometry and under fluorescent light. The qualitative analysis of fluorochrome labels suggested that PRP and rhBMP-7 accelerated bone growth. However, histomorphometric analysis revealed no significant differences in the area of newly mineralized bone under either the influence of PRP or rhBMP-7 on autologous bone graft. Likewise, the addition of PRP to anorganic bovine bone showed no statistical difference to the control group. The strongest bone stimulating effect was seen for the combination of rhBMP-7 with anorganic bovine bone ( p=0.028). In the extraskeletal model, newly formed bone was evident in the presence of rhBMP-7, but not of PRP. In conclusion, according to the histomorphometry, the addition of platelet-rich plasma failed to enhance bone formation on anorganic bovine bone and on autologous bone grafts.