The genetic structure and admixture of Manchus and Koreans in northeast China

• Published in: Annals of human biology Vol. 50; no. 1; pp. 161 - 171
• Main Authors: Sun, Na, Tao, Le, Wang, Rui, Zhu, Kongyang, Hai, Xiangjun, Wang, Chuan-Chao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 02.01.2023; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: Asian People - genetics; China; East Asian People - genetics; Genetic structure; Genetics, Population; Genotype; Humans; Manchu, Korean; population history; China; Manchu, Korean; Genetic structure; population history
• ISSN: 0301-4460; 1464-5033; 1464-5033
• DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2023.2182912

The fine-scale genetic profiles and population history of Manchus and Koreans remain unclear. To infer a fine-scale genetic structure and admixture of Manchu and Korean populations. We collected and genotyped 16 Manchus from Liaoning and 18 Koreans from Jilin province with about 700K genome-wide SNPs. We analysed the data using principal component analysis (PCA), ADMIXTURE, Fst, TreeMix, f-statistics, qpWave, and qpAdm. Manchus and Koreans showed a genetic affinity with northern East Asians. Chinese Koreans showed a long-term genetic continuity with Bronze Age populations from the West Liao River and had a strong affinity with Koreans in South Korea and Japan. Manchus had a different genetic profile compared with other Tungusic populations since the Manchus received additional genetic influence from the southern Chinese but didn't have West Eurasian-related admixture. The genetic formation of Manchus involving southern Chinese was consistent with the extensive interactions between Manchus and populations from central and southern China. The large-scale genetic continuity between ancient West Liao River farmers and Koreans highlighted the role farming expansion played in the peopling of the Korean Peninsula.