Mitogenic Activity of Sulfated Chitosan and Cellulose Derivatives is Related to Protection of FGF-2 from Proteolytic Cleavage

• Published in: Macromolecular bioscience Vol. 12; no. 6; pp. 740 - 750
• Main Authors: Weltrowski, Annett, da Silva Almeida, Marie-Luise, Peschel, Dieter, Zhang, Kai, Fischer, Steffen, Groth, Thomas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim WILEY-VCH Verlag 01.06.2012; WILEY‐VCH Verlag; Wiley-VCH
• Subjects: 3T3-L1 Cells; Animals; Applied sciences; cellulose; Cellulose - analogs & derivatives; Cellulose - chemistry; Cellulose - pharmacology; Cellulose and derivatives; chitosan; Chitosan - chemistry; Chitosan - pharmacology; cooperative effects; Exact sciences and technology; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 - chemistry; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 - metabolism; growth; Mice; Mitogens - chemistry; Mitogens - pharmacology; Natural polymers; Physicochemistry of polymers; Proteolysis; Starch and polysaccharides; tissue engineering; Trypsin - chemistry; Biological properties; Cell proliferation; Fibroblast growth factor; Regioselectivity; Cellulose sulfate; Cellulose; Theft protection; Cytotoxicity; 3T3-Cell line; Experimental study; Sulfatation; Chemical modification; Chitosan derivatives; Preparation; Organic sulfate; Enzymatic digestion; Mitogen; Chitosan; Mechanism of action; Fibroblast
• ISSN: 1616-5187; 1616-5195
• DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201100518

Novel chitosan (CHS) and cellulose sulfates (CSs) are studied regarding their mitogenic activity and their protective effect against proteolytic digestion of FGF‐2. An intermediate degree of sulfation (DSS) and lower concentration of CHS have superior effect on 3T3 cell growth while the mitogenic activity of CS increases with DSS and concentration. Experiments with trypsin as model proteinase show that protection of FGF‐2 from proteolytic digestion depends on DSS and the concentration of derivatives in the same manner as cell growth. Studies on stability of FGF‐2 added to cultures of 3T3 cells show that the FGF‐2 concentration remains higher in the presence of derivatives. Results indicate that the mitogenic activity of CHS and CS is due to protection of FGF‐2 from proteolytic cleavage. Sulfated chitosan and cellulose protect fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF‐2) from proteolytic digestion in a dose‐dependent manner (bottom) while trypsin digests FGF‐2 completely in the absence of sulfated derivatives (top). Protection against proteolytic digestion is related to mitogenic activity of FGF‐2 in the presence of sulfated polysaccharides in cultures of 3T3 fibroblasts.