Recent Advances of Porous Graphene: Synthesis, Functionalization, and Electrochemical Applications

• Published in: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Vol. 15; no. 48; pp. e1903780 - n/a
• Main Authors: Zhang, Yuanyuan, Wan, Qijin, Yang, Nianjun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.11.2019
• Subjects: Bonding strength; Chemical bonds; Composite materials; electrochemical applications; Energy storage; functionalization; Graphene; Mass transfer; Nanotechnology; porous graphene; Synthesis; functionalization; synthesis; electrochemical applications; porous graphene
• ISSN: 1613-6810; 1613-6829
• DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903780

Graphene is a 2D sheet of sp2 bonded carbon atoms and tends to aggregate together, due to the strong π–π stacking and van der Waals attraction between different layers. Its unique properties such as a high specific surface area and a fast mass transport rate are severely blocked. To address these issues, various kinds of 2D holey graphene and 3D porous graphene are either self‐assembled from graphene layers or fabricated using graphene related materials such as graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide. Porous graphene not only possesses unique pore structures, but also introduces abundant exposed edges and accelerates mass transfer. The properties and applications of these porous graphenes and their composites/hybrids have been extensively studied in recent years. Herein, recent progress and achievements in synthesis and functionalization of various 2D holey graphene and 3D porous graphene are reviewed. Of special interest, electrochemical applications of porous graphene and its hybrids in the fields of electrochemical sensing, electrocatalysis, and electrochemical energy storage, are highlighted. As the closing remarks, the challenges and opportunities for the future research of porous graphene and its composites are discussed and outlined. Synthesis of 2D and 3D porous graphene is reviewed together with their functionalization with hetero‐atoms and other functional materials. Electrochemical applications of these porous graphene are highlighted in the fields of electrochemical sensing, electrocatalysis, and electrochemical energy storage and conversion. The future research directions and challenges on porous graphene are also discussed and outlined.