The Vasoactive Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue and the Sulfide Signaling Pathway in a Nonobese Model of Metabolic Syndrome

• Published in: Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 108
• Main Authors: Cacanyiova, Sona, Golas, Samuel, Zemancikova, Anna, Majzunova, Miroslava, Cebova, Martina, Malinska, Hana, Hüttl, Martina, Markova, Irena, Berenyiova, Andrea
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 15.01.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Adipose Tissue - metabolism; Animal models; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic - physiopathology; Arteries; Blood pressure; Body fat; Cardiovascular system; Contractility; Coronary vessels; Cystathionine gamma-Lyase - metabolism; Disease Models, Animal; Dyslipidemia; Endothelium; Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology; Glucose; Glucose tolerance; H2S; HTG; Hydrogen sulfide; Hypertriglyceridemia; Hypertriglyceridemia - metabolism; Hypotheses; Insulin resistance; Intolerance; isolated artery; Laboratory animals; Male; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism; Metabolic Syndrome - physiopathology; Nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - metabolism; Norepinephrine - pharmacology; Oxidation-Reduction; perivascular adipose tissue; Physiology; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rodents; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Superoxides - metabolism; Transcription factors; Vasoactive agents; Vasoconstriction - drug effects; Vasodilation; Vasodilation - physiology; Veins & arteries; Wistar; United States > US; Czech Republic; Germany; isolated artery; metabolic syndrome; perivascular adipose tissue; H2S; HTG; Wistar
• ISSN: 2218-273X; 2218-273X
• DOI: 10.3390/biom11010108

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mutual relationship among perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and endogenous and exogenous H S in vasoactive responses of isolated arteries from adult normotensive (Wistar) rats and hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) rats, which are a nonobese model of metabolic syndrome. In HTG rats, mild hypertension was associated with glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, increased amount of retroperitoneal fat, increased arterial contractility, and endothelial dysfunction associated with arterial wall injury, which was accompanied by decreased nitric oxide (NO)-synthase activity, increased expression of H S producing enzyme, and an altered oxidative state. In HTG, endogenous H S participated in the inhibition of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation regardless of PVAT presence; on the other hand, aortas with preserved PVAT revealed a stronger anticontractile effect mediated at least partially by H S. Although we observed a higher vasorelaxation induced by exogenous H S donor in HTG rats than in Wistar rats, intact PVAT subtilized this effect. We demonstrate that, in HTG rats, endogenous H S could manifest a dual effect depending on the type of triggered signaling pathway. H S within the arterial wall contributes to endothelial dysfunction. On the other hand, PVAT of HTG is endowed with compensatory vasoactive mechanisms, which include stronger anti-contractile action of H S. Nevertheless, the possible negative impact of PVAT during hypertriglyceridemia on the activity of exogenous H S donors needs to be taken into consideration.