Chromium Methionine and Ractopamine Supplementation in Summer Diets for Grower–Finisher Pigs Reared under Heat Stress

• Published in: Animals (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 16; p. 2671
• Main Authors: Sánchez-Villalba, Esther, Corral-March, Eileen Aglahe, Valenzuela-Melendres, Martín, Zamorano-García, Libertad, Celaya-Michel, Hernán, Ochoa-Meza, Andrés, González-Ríos, Humberto, Barrera-Silva, Miguel Ángel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.08.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Amino acids; Animals; Chromium; chromium methionine; Dietary supplements; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Farmers; Feeds; growth promoters; Health aspects; Heat; heat stress; Hemoglobin; Hogs; Hormones; Humidity; Kinases; Livestock; Meat quality; Metabolism; Metabolites; Nutrition; Pork industry; pork production; Proteins; Requirements; Swine; Temperature; Mexico; United States > US
• ISSN: 2076-2615; 2076-2615
• DOI: 10.3390/ani13162671

This study aimed to determine the effects of the dietary supplementation of chromium methionine (CrMet) and ractopamine (RAC) on pigs in the growing–finishing stage under heat stress. The parameters evaluated included productive behavior, blood components, carcass characteristics, organ weight, and meat quality. This study was conducted during the summer season in Sonora, Mexico. The treatments included: (1) control diet (CON), a base diet (BD) formulated to satisfy the nutritional requirements of pigs; (2) RAC, BD plus 10 ppm RAC supplemented during the last 34 days of the study; (3) CrMet-S, BD supplemented with 0.8 ppm of Cr from CrMet during the last 34 days; and (4) CrMet-L, BD supplemented with 0.8 ppm of Cr from CrMet for an 81 d period. RAC supplementation improved the productive behavior and main carcass characteristics of the pigs compared with CON. However, RAC and CrMet supplementation during the last 34 days showed similar results in terms of weight gain, carcass quality, blood components, organ weight, and meat quality. The addition of CrMet-S had a moderate (although not significant) increase in productive performance and carcass weight. These findings are encouraging, as they suggest that CrMet may be a potential alternative for growth promotion. However, more research is needed.