High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunits: Genetics, Structures, and Relation to End Use Qualities
High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) are storage proteins present in the starchy endosperm cells of wheat grain. Encoding the synthesis of HMW-GS, the loci located on the long arms of group 1 chromosomes of the hexaploid wheat (1A, 1B, and 1D) present multiple allelism. In hexaploid whe...
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Published in | International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 22; no. 1; p. 184 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Switzerland
MDPI AG
26.12.2020
MDPI |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) are storage proteins present in the starchy endosperm cells of wheat grain. Encoding the synthesis of HMW-GS, the
loci located on the long arms of group 1 chromosomes of the hexaploid wheat (1A, 1B, and 1D) present multiple allelism. In hexaploid wheat cultivars, almost all of them express 3 to 5 HMW-GSs and the
gene is always silent. Though HMW-GSs are the minor components in gluten, they are crucial for dough properties, and certain HMW-GSs make more positive contributions than others. The HMW-GS acts as a "chain extender" and provides a disulfide-bonded backbone in gluten network. Hydrogen bonds mediated by glutamine side chains are also crucial for stabilizing the gluten structure. In most cases, HMW-GSs with additional or less cysteines are related to the formation of relatively more or less interchain disulfide bonds and HMW-GSs also affect the gluten secondary structures, which in turn impact the end use qualities of dough. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 These authors share equal co-first contribution. |
ISSN: | 1422-0067 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
DOI: | 10.3390/ijms22010184 |