Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Hypoxia-Induced Alterations in Bone Remodeling

Bone is crucial for the support of muscles and the protection of vital organs, and as a reservoir of calcium and phosphorus. Bone is one of the most metabolically active tissues and is continuously renewed to adapt to the changes required for healthy functioning. To maintain normal cellular and phys...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 6; p. 3233
Main Authors Usategui-Martín, Ricardo, Rigual, Ricardo, Ruiz-Mambrilla, Marta, Fernández-Gómez, José-María, Dueñas, Antonio, Pérez-Castrillón, José Luis
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 17.03.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Apoptosis
Binding sites
Biomedical materials
Bone growth
Bone marrow
Bone Remodeling
Cell Differentiation
Collagen
Cytokines
Gene expression
HIF
Homeostasis
Hormones
Humans
Hydroxyapatite
Hypoxia
Insulin-like growth factors
Kinases
Metabolism
Mineralization
Molecular modelling
Muscles
Organs
osteoblast
Osteoblastogenesis
Osteoblasts
osteoclast
Osteoclastogenesis
Osteoclasts
Osteoclasts - physiology
Osteogenesis
Osteogenesis - physiology
oxygen
Phosphorus
Proteins
Review
Transcription factors
hypoxia
bone remodeling
osteoblast
HIF
osteoclast
oxygen
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Summary:Bone is crucial for the support of muscles and the protection of vital organs, and as a reservoir of calcium and phosphorus. Bone is one of the most metabolically active tissues and is continuously renewed to adapt to the changes required for healthy functioning. To maintain normal cellular and physiological bone functions sufficient oxygen is required, as evidence has shown that hypoxia may influence bone health. In this scenario, this review aimed to analyze the molecular mechanisms involved in hypoxia-induced bone remodeling alterations and their possible clinical consequences. Hypoxia has been associated with reduced bone formation and reduced osteoblast matrix mineralization due to the hypoxia environment inhibiting osteoblast differentiation. A hypoxic environment is involved with increased osteoclastogenesis and increased bone resorptive capacity of the osteoclasts. Clinical studies, although with contradictory results, have shown that hypoxia can modify bone remodeling.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23063233