An Overview of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegenerative Diseases

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 11; p. 5938
• Main Authors: Teleanu, Daniel Mihai, Niculescu, Adelina-Gabriela, Lungu, Iulia Ioana, Radu, Crina Ioana, Vladâcenco, Oana, Roza, Eugenia, Costăchescu, Bogdan, Grumezescu, Alexandru Mihai, Teleanu, Raluca Ioana
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 25.05.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Alzheimer's disease; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Cytochrome; Cytotoxicity; Dehydrogenases; Dopamine; Enzymes; Humans; Huntingtons disease; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Neurodegenerative Diseases - pathology; Neuroinflammatory Diseases; Neurons; Oxidation; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - physiology; Parkinson's disease; Reactive Oxygen Species; Review; neurodegenerative disease; antioxidants; neuroinflammation; reactive oxidative species
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115938

Oxidative stress has been linked with a variety of diseases, being involved in the debut and/or progress of several neurodegenerative disorders. This review intends to summarize some of the findings that correlate the overproduction of reactive oxygen species with the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Oxidative stress was also noted to modify the inflammatory response. Even though oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are two totally different pathological events, they are linked and affect one another. Nonetheless, there are still several mechanisms that need to be understood regarding the onset and the progress of neurodegenerative diseases in order to develop efficient therapies. As antioxidants are a means to alter oxidative stress and slow down the symptoms of these neurodegenerative diseases, the most common antioxidants, enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic, have been mentioned in this paper as therapeutic options for the discussed disorders.