Vapor phase repellency and insecticidal activity of pyridinyl amides against anopheline mosquitoes

• Published in: Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases Vol. 1; p. 100062
• Main Authors: Cuba, Ingeborg H., Richoux, Gary R., Norris, Edmund J., Bernier, Ulrich R., Linthicum, Kenneth J., Bloomquist, Jeffrey R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.01.2021; Elsevier
• Subjects: 2-Undecanone; Anopheles albimanus; Anopheles gambiae; Anopheles quadrimaculatus; DEET; from Special issue on Spatial Repellents in the Lab and Field to Protect Civilian and Military Public Health, edited by Seth C. Britch, Kenneth Linthicum and Dan Kline; Transfluthrin; Anopheles albimanus; Anopheles gambiae; Transfluthrin; Anopheles quadrimaculatus; 2-Undecanone; DEET
• ISSN: 2667-114X; 2667-114X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100062

It is important to identify repellents that can provide reliable protection from arthropod biting and prevent arthropod-borne diseases, such as malaria. In the present study, the spatial repellent activity and toxicity of two novel pyridinyl amides (1 and 2) were evaluated against Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and Anopheles gambiae. In vapor repellency bioassays, compound 2 was generally more effective than DEET and 2-undecanone, while compound 1 was about as active as these standards. Overall, transfluthrin was the most active compound for inducing anopheline mosquito repellency, knockdown, and lethality. Although they were not the most active repellents, the two experimental amides produced the largest electroantennographic responses in female antennae. They also displayed modest toxicity to anopheline mosquitoes. Significant synergism of repellency was observed for the mixture of a pyrethroid-derived acid and the repellent 2-undecanone against anopheline mosquitoes, similar to that observed previously in Aedes aegypti. Overall, this study provides insight for further synthesis of alternative amide compounds for use as spatial treatments. [Display omitted] •Two experimental pyridyl amides were synthesized.•They were more repellent than DEET, equal to 2-undecanone and less than transfluthrin.•They were about as toxic as DEET and 2-undecanone, but less than transfluthrin.•Experimental amides performed about the same across all anopheline species.